TABLE 1.
Baseline data of participants who completed ≥1 diet period without discontinued or new bDMARD or glucocorticoid treatment, grouped by inclusion in multiplex inflammation-related protein quantification1
| Intervention-control (n = 13) | Control-intervention (n = 13) | Not included (n = 12) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 9 (69) | 10 (77) | 10 (83) |
| Age, y | 62 (55, 63) | 66 (48, 72) | 70 (61, 73) |
| Parental origin | |||
| Europe | 12 (92) | 13 (100) | 10 (83) |
| Africa | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1 (8) |
| Asia | 1 (8) | 0 (0) | 1 (8) |
| Nonsmoker | 11 (85) | 13 (100) | 12 (100) |
| Employment status | |||
| Not employed | 2 (15) | 7 (54) | 9 (75) |
| Employed <15 hr/wk | 1 (8) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Employed 16–30 hr/wk | 3 (23) | 1 (8) | 0 (0) |
| Employed 31–40 hr/wk | 3 (23) | 3 (23) | 1 (7) |
| Employed > 40 hr/wk | 4 (31) | 2 (15) | 2 (17) |
| Educational level | |||
| Junior high school | 1 (8) | 0 (0) | 4 (33) |
| 2 y senior high school | 1 (8) | 3 (23) | 4 (33) |
| ≥3 y senior high school | 1 (8) | 2 (15) | 2 (17) |
| College or university | 10 (77) | 8 (62) | 2 (17) |
| Medication usage | |||
| bDMARD | 4 (31) | 5 (38) | 6 (50) |
| csDMARD | 10 (77) | 9 (69) | 9 (75) |
| No DMARD | 2 (15) | 2 (15) | 1 (8) |
| Anthropometric measures | |||
| BMI | 27.1 (23.6, 32.8) | 26.4 (24.2, 29.9) | 27.7 (24.2, 33.5) |
| Waist-hip ratio | 0.84 (0.78, 0.98) | 0.85 (0.83, 0.92) | 0.82 (0.80, 0.88) |
| Laboratory data | |||
| DAS28-ESR | 3.9 (3.2, 4.7) | 3.2 (2.9, 4.5) | 3.6 (3.0 4.4) |
| HAQ | 0.38 (0.13, 1.19) | 0.38 (0.13, 1.31) | 0.69 (0.31, 1.06) |
| CRP, mg/L) | 2 (1, 4) | 5 (1, 6) | 3 (1, 5) |
| ESR, mm/hr) | 20 (13, 27) | 14 (8, 26) | 18 (10, 23) |
| WBC, 109/L) | 5.1 (4.3, 5.7) | 6.3 (5.1, 7.6) | 5.6 (4.8, 6.4) |
| Trombocytes, 109/L) | 250 (240, 310) | 280 (250, 410) | 240 (220, 280) |
| Dietary intake | |||
| Energy, kcal/d) | 1900 (1600, 2200) | 1800 (1400, 2100) | 1800 (1200, 2300) |
| Fat, E%) | 38 (31, 42) | 41 (36, 45) | 35 (32, 37) |
| Saturated fatty acids, E%) | 16 (14, 17) | 15 (13, 16) | 13 (11, 14) |
| Protein, E%) | 16 (14, 18) | 15 (14, 20) | 15 (15, 22) |
| Carbohydrate, E%) | 42 (39, 47) | 38 (36, 42) | 46 (39, 52) |
| Fiber, g/d) | 19 (14, 22) | 15 (13, 20) | 19 (15, 21) |
| Vitamin D, μg/d) | 3 (2, 6) | 5 (4, 10) | 6 (5, 8) |
| Selenium, μg/d) | 35 (32, 40) | 48 (41, 75) | 51 (42, 74) |
| Folate, μg/d) | 260 (210, 330) | 270 (220, 320) | 220 (190, 280) |
1Values are medians (25th, 75th percentiles) or n (%) unless otherwise indicated. bDMARD, biological disease modifying antirheumatic drug; CRP, C-reactive protein; csDMARD, conventional synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drug; DMARD, disease modifying antirheumatic drug; DAS28-ESR, Disease Activity Score-28 erythrocyte sedimentation rate; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; HAQ, health assessment questionnaire; WBC, white blood cell count.