Figure 10.

OsVHA-E1 is critical for protein sorting in the post-Golgi trafficking pathway. A and B, Localization of mCherry-VIT1 in WT (A) and gpa8-1 (B) protoplasts. C and D, Localization of SCAMP1-mCherry in WT (C) and gpa8-1 (D) protoplasts. Bars = 5 μm in (A–D). E–G, Roots of WT and gpa8-1 seedlings were stained with FM4-64. Root tip cells were observed at 20 min (E), 90 min (F), and 180 min (G) after staining. Bars = 10 μm in (E–G). Arrowheads represent vacuolar membranes and arrows indicate FM4-64 labeled endosomes.