| Non-human primates |
Rhesus, cynomolgus |
Relatives of humans, similar brain structure, tracible eye contact |
Expensive and inconvenient experiment operation |
| Domestic animals |
Dogs, cattle |
Similarity of human in core clinical phenotypes, temperament, brain structure, physiology, nutritional metabolism, and ethics |
Large size, expensive, inconvenient experiment operation |
| Rodents |
Mice, rats, and prairie voles |
Relatively low cost, powerful genetic tools, suitable for drug screening and preclinical study |
No sulcus and gyrus structure |
| Songbird |
Zebra finch |
Mimic language defect |
Brain is underdeveloped |
| Fish |
Zebrafish |
Low cost, stereotypical behavior |
Low homology, large differences in organizational structure |
| Invertebrates |
Fruit fly, nematode, bee, Aplysia
|
Low cost, powerful genetic tools, stereotypical behavior, habituation behavior, suitable for large-scale screening for ASD risk genes and drugs |
Large differences in brain structure |
