Table 2.
Association of LVI with clinical and pathological characteristics according to ER status
| ER >0 patients |
ER <0 patients |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Negative |
Positive |
χ2 |
Negative |
Positive |
χ2 |
|||||
| n | % | n | % | P | n | % | n | % | P | |
| 11 376 | 77.6 | 3279 | 22.4 | 1741 | 65.3 | 926 | 34.7 | |||
| Age, years | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| ≤40 | 481 | 4.2 | 340 | 10.4 | <0.0001 | 192 | 11.0 | 155 | 16.8 | |
| 40.1-50 | 2305 | 20.3 | 882 | 28.9 | 419 | 24.1 | 241 | 26.1 | ||
| 50.1-74.9 | 7604 | 66.9 | 1810 | 55.2 | 1017 | 58.4 | 485 | 52.4 | ||
| ≥75 | 982 | 8.6 | 247 | 7.5 | 112 | 6.4 | 44 | 4.8 | ||
| T size, mm | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| ≤5 | 854 | 7.5 | 42 | 1.3 | <0.0001 | 162 | 9.3 | 19 | 2.1 | |
| 5.1-10 | 3671 | 32.3 | 389 | 11.9 | 434 | 24.9 | 116 | 12.5 | ||
| 10.1-19.9 | 4340 | 38.2 | 1274 | 38.9 | 569 | 32.7 | 295 | 31.9 | ||
| 20-50 | 2511 | 22.1 | 1574 | 48.0 | 576 | 33.1 | 496 | 53.6 | ||
| T histology | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| Ductal | 8545 | 75.1 | 2904 | 88.6 | <0.0001 | 1504 | 86.4 | 853 | 92.1 | |
| Lobular | 1780 | 15.6 | 201 | 6.1 | 116 | 6.7 | 43 | 4.6 | ||
| Mixed | 216 | 1.9 | 72 | 2.2 | 13 | 0.7 | 11 | 1.2 | ||
| Others | 835 | 7.3 | 102 | 3.1 | 108 | 6.2 | 19 | 2.1 | ||
| Grade | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| 1 | 5024 | 44.2 | 623 | 19.0 | <0.0001 | 293 | 16.8 | 58 | 6.3 | |
| 2 | 5307 | 46.7 | 1749 | 53.3 | 586 | 33.7 | 342 | 36.9 | ||
| 3 | 1045 | 9.2 | 907 | 27.7 | 862 | 49.5 | 526 | 56.8 | ||
| pN status | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| pN0 | 8385 | 73.7 | 1245 | 38.0 | <0.0001 | 1400 | 80.4 | 441 | 47.6 | |
| pN0 (i+) | 353 | 3.1 | 177 | 5.4 | 23 | 1.3 | 16 | 1.7 | ||
| pN1mi | 938 | 8.2 | 379 | 11.6 | 56 | 3.2 | 36 | 3.9 | ||
| pN1macro | 1700 | 14.9 | 1478 | 45.1 | 262 | 15.0 | 433 | 46.8 | ||
| Breast surgery | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| Conservative | 9642 | 84.8 | 2426 | 74.0 | <0.0001 | 1496 | 85.9 | 745 | 80.5 | |
| Mastectomy | 1489 | 13.1 | 786 | 24.0 | 221 | 12.7 | 172 | 18.6 | ||
| Unknown | 245 | 2.2 | 67 | 2.0 | 24 | 1.4 | 9 | 1.0 | ||
| Axillary surgery | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| SLNB | 7125 | 62.6 | 938 | 28.6 | <0.0001 | 763 | 43.8 | 154 | 16.6 | |
| SLNB + ALND | 2786 | 24.5 | 1293 | 39.4 | 260 | 14.9 | 183 | 19.8 | ||
| ALND | 1463 | 12.9 | 1048 | 32.0 | 718 | 41.2 | 589 | 63.6 | ||
| Periods | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| <2005 | 5221 | 45.9 | 1803 | 55.0 | <0.0001 | 1125 | 64.6 | 696 | 75.2 | |
| ≥2005 | 6155 | 54.1 | 1475 | 45.0 | 616 | 35.4 | 230 | 24.8 | ||
| T location | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| Outer/equatorial | 5416 | 47.6 | 1716 | 52.3 | <0.0001 | 866 | 49.7 | 525 | 56.7 | |
| Inner | 2488 | 21.9 | 749 | 22.8 | 418 | 24.0 | 234 | 25.3 | ||
| Unknown | 3472 | 30.5 | 815 | 24.9 | 457 | 26.2 | 167 | 18.0 | ||
| Endocrine therapy | 0.007 | |||||||||
| No | 1428 | 12.6 | 311 | 9.5 | <0.0001 | 1654 | 95.0 | 857 | 92.5 | |
| Yes | 9942 | 87.4 | 2965 | 90.5 | 87 | 5.0 | 69 | 7.5 | ||
| Chemotherapy | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| No | 8189 | 72.0 | 1158 | 35.3 | <0.0001 | 728 | 41.8 | 269 | 29.0 | |
| Yes | 3187 | 28.0 | 2121 | 64.7 | 1013 | 58.2 | 657 | 71.0 | ||
| RNI | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| No | 6471 | 69.7 | 1133 | 40.4 | <0.0001 | 814 | 58.9 | 234 | 32.7 | |
| Yes | 2810 | 30.3 | 1671 | 59.6 | 569 | 41.1 | 482 | 67.3 | ||
| Postmastectomy Radiotherapy | <0.0001 | |||||||||
| No | 607 | 40.8 | 123 | 15.7 | <0.0001 | 92 | 41.6 | 13 | 7.6 | |
| Yes | 880 | 59.2 | 662 | 84.3 | 129 | 58.4 | 159 | 92.4 | ||
| Subtypes | ||||||||||
| Luminal A | 7127 | 87.1 | 1382 | 66.1 | <0.0001 | |||||
| Luminal B HER2− G3 | 611 | 7.5 | 473 | 23.0 | ||||||
| Luminal B HER2+ | 448 | 5.5 | 224 | 10.9 | ||||||
| HER2 | 231 | 23.9 | 129 | 33.7 | <0.0001 | |||||
| Triple negative | 737 | 76.1 | 254 | 66.3 | ||||||
ALND, axillary lymph node dissection; ER, endocrine receptor; HER2, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2; LVI, lymphovascular invasion; RNI, regional node irradiation; SLNB, sentinel lymph node biopsy; T, tumor.