FIGURE 5.

Nintedanib suppressed the expression of Padi4 and the production of citrullinated peptide in respiratory epithelia. a) In situ hybridisation of Scgb1a1 (green), Tgf-β (white) and Col1a1 (red). Tgf-β and Col1a1 express in both alveolar epithelium and invasive epithelial cells. As nintedanib suppressed the occurrence of invasive epithelial cells, Tgf-β and Col1a1-positive invasive cells are not observed. b and c) In situ hybridisation of Scgb1a1 (green), Padi4 (white) and Padi2 or Krt17 (red). Padi4 and Padi2 expression is reduced in nintedanib treatment. d) Immunohistochemical analysis using E-cadherin (Ecad, green) and peptidyl-citrulline (red) in vehicle- or nintedanib-treated and age-matched mouse lungs. Scale bars=50 μm (white) and 20 μm (yellow). e) The expression of Pad4 in the lung tissues is assessed by Western blotting. Data are presented as mean±_SE of four mice for each group. *p<0.05 compared with vehicle group.