TABLE 2.

Approved and licensed vaccine adjuvants for human use

Adjuvant	Year	Class	Description
Alum	1926	Mineral salt	Improves HI and Th2 response, used in more than 80% human vaccine
MF59	1997	Oil in water emulsion	Improves HI and CMI response, used in influenza vaccines
Virosomes	2000	Liposome	Improves HI and CMI responses, used in influenza and hepatitis A vaccine
AS03	2009	Oil in water emulsion	Improves HI and CMI responses, used in H1N1 pandemic
AS04		Alum‐adsorbed TLR4 agonist	Improves HI and CMI response, used for HPV and HBV vaccines