TABLE 5.
Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of microscopy and single and nested PCRs for samples and patients of different patient groups
| Patient group | Material | % for samples (% for patients)a
|
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nested PCR
|
Single PCR
|
Microscopy
|
|||||||||||
| SENS | SPEC | PPV | NPV | SENS | SPEC | PPV | NPV | SENS | SPEC | PPV | NPV | ||
| HIV | BAL | 100 (100) | 97.9 (97.5) | 97 (96) | 100 (100) | 88.6 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 93 (100) | 80.0 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 88 (100) |
| Sputum and ETA | 75.0 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 98 (100) | 0 (0) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 91 (97) | 0 (0) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 91 (97) | |
| Total | 97.4 (100) | 98.9 (98.5) | 97 (96) | 99 (100) | 79.5 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 92 (100) | 71.8 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 90 (100) | |
| Transplant | BAL | 100 (100) | 92.9 (94.6) | 47 (60) | 100 (100) | 100 (77.8) | 97.4 (97.3) | 70 (70) | 100 (98) | 85.7 (66.7) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 99 (97) |
| 100 (100) | 92.3 (94.1) | 43 (57) | 100 (100) | 100 (75.0) | 96.2 (96.1) | 60 (60) | 100 (98) | 100 (75.0) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (98) | ||
| Sputum and ETA | 0 (0) | 81.3 (75.0) | 0 (0) | 93 (90) | 0 (0) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 94 (92) | 0 (0) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 94 (92) | |
| Total | 85.7 (88.9) | 89.9 (91.2) | 30 (40) | 99 (99) | 85.7 (66.7) | 97.1 (97.1) | 60 (60) | 99 (98) | 85.7 (66.7) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 99 (98) | |
| 100 (100) | 87.9 (89.5) | 30 (40) | 100 (100) | 100 (75.0) | 96.6 (96.5) | 60 (60) | 100 (98) | 100 (75.0) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (98) | ||
| Malignancy | BAL | 100 (100) | 82.7 (84.9) | 19 (31) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 92.0 (94.5) | 33 (56) | 100 (100) | 100 (60.0) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (97) |
| 100 (100) | 79.5 (83.3) | 18 (36) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 90.9 (95.2) | 33 (67) | 100 (100) | 100 (50.0) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (96) | ||
| Sputum and ETA | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | |
| ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ND (100) | ||
| Total | 100 (100) | 88.3 (89.9) | 24 (35) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 94.6 (96.3) | 40 (60) | 100 (100) | 75.0 (50.0) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 99 (97) | |
| 100 (100) | 85.9 (88.7) | 18 (36) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 93.8 (96.2) | 33 (67) | 100 (100) | 100 (50.0) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (97) | ||
| Immunosuppressed | BAL | 100 (100) | 84.2 (84.6) | 25 (20) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) |
| Sputum and ETA | 100 (100) | 77.8 (87.5) | 33 (67) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 88.9 (100) | 50 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (50.0) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (89) | |
| 100 (100) | 71.4 (83.3) | 33 (67) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 85.7 (100) | 50 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (50.0) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (86) | ||
| Total | 100 (100) | 83.7 (85.4) | 27 (36) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 97.9 (100) | 75 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (75.0) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (98) | |
| 100 (100) | 81.8 (84.4) | 14 (29) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 96.9 (100) | 50 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (50.0) | 100 (100) | 100 (100) | 100 (97) | ||
| Immunocompetent | BAL | ND (ND) | 87.5 (81.8) | 0 (0) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 98.1 (96.9) | 0 (0) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 100 (100) |
| Sputum and ETA | ND (ND) | 86.9 (85.0) | 0 (0) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 100 (100) | |
| Total | ND (ND) | 87.6 (83.3) | 0 (0) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 98.4 (97.6) | 0 (0) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 100 (100) | ND (ND) | 100 (100) | |
a
SENS, sensitivity; SPEC, specificity; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value. Underlined numbers indicate statistical values, if proven and possible-PCP patients are treated as true PCP patients.