TABLE 1.
Six‐month odds ratios (95% CI) for adverse events and cardiovascular sequalae in patients with COVID‐19–associated myocarditis, following propensity score matching
| Cohort | Sample size | Mortality | Hospitalisation | Cardiac arrest | Heart failure | Atrial fibrillation | Acute myocardial infarction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 35,820 | 1.36 (1.21, 1.53) | 1.90 (1.80, 2.01) | 1.09 (0.82, 1.46) | 0.96 (0.79, 1.18) | 0.95 (0.74, 1.21) | 1.37 (1.17, 1.61) |
| Female | 20,194 | 1.41 (1.18, 1.69) | 1.74 (1.61, 1.88) | 1.13 (0.70, 1.83) | 0.86 (0.62, 1.17) | 0.83 (0.56, 1.22) | 1.41 (1.11, 1.80) |
| Male | 15,592 | 1.41 (1.21, 1.64) | 2.12 (1.96, 2.29) | 1.00 (0.70, 1.43) | 1.03 (0.79, 1.35) | 0.91 (0.66, 1.24) | 1.36 (1.11, 1.67) |
| Age <45 | 20,774 | 1.19 (0.85, 1.68) | 1.50 (1.36, 1.62) | 1.72 (1.00, 2.94) | 0.96 (0.62, 1.49) | 0.77 (0.37, 1.58) | 1.84 (1.32, 3.00) |
| Age 45–70 | 14,444 | 1.24 (1.03, 1.49) | 2.12 (1.95, 2.30) | 1.22 (0.79, 1.88) | 0.80 (0.60, 1.08) | 0.85 (0.59, 1.20) | 1.33 (1.07, 1.64) |
| Age >70 | 5,556 | 1.49 (1.26, 1.75) | 2.31 (2.06, 2.59) | 0.64 (0.39, 1.06) | 1.02 (0.74, 1.40) | 1.02 (0.70, 1.48) | 1.41 (1.86, 1.82) |
| Not hospitalised following COVID−19 diagnosis | 27,438 | 0.94 (0.79, 1.11) | 0.57 (0.53, 0.63) | 0.94 (0.58, 1.53) | 0.60 (0.45, 0.79) | 0.57 (0.40, 0.80) | 0.92 (0.73, 1.16) |
| Hospital inpatient following COVID−19 diagnosis | 6,452 | 1.68 (1.40, 2.00) | 6.64 (5.95, 7.41) | 1.07 (0.71, 1.60) | 1.36 (0.96, 1.94) | 1.48 (0.94, 2.34) | 1.48 (1.17, 1.88) |
| Received critical care following COVID−19 diagnosis | 1,898 | 2.95 (2.19, 3.97) | 6.68 (5.47, 8.17) | 1.64 (0.95, 2.85) | 1.55 (0.82, 2.91) | 1.42 (0.62, 2.53) | 1.38 (0.95, 2.01) |
Myocarditis based on first instance recorded within EMRs within the 6‐month period following a COVID‐19 diagnosis. Sample size is number of patients in analysis with and without myocarditis/pericarditis, following propensity score matching. Propensity score matched for age, sex, race and comorbidities (hypertensive diseases, ischaemic heart diseases, heart failure, cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, diseases of the respiratory system, diseases of the digestive system and diseases of the nervous system).