Table 3.
Baseline and Hypertension-Related Characteristics of the Sample (N = 18).
| Variable | Control group (n = 8) | Intervention group (n = 10) | t | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | ||||
| Age, in years (range 25-85), mean (SD) | 51.38 (9.0) | 61.90 (18.79) | −1.450 | .166 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 8 (100) | 5 (50.0) | .036* | |
| Marital status, not married, n (%) | 5 (62.5) | 6 (80.0) | .608 | |
| Education, n (%) | 1.000 | |||
| Some college/associated degree | 3 (37.5) | 4 (40.0) | ||
| 4-year college degree or higher | 5 (62.5) | 6 (60.0) | ||
| Employment, n (%) | .054* | |||
| Employed | 6 (75.0) | 2 (20.0) | ||
| Unemployed | 2 (25.0) | 8 (80.0) | ||
| Income, n (%) | .504 | |||
| <$20 000 | 3 (37.5) | 3 (30.0) | ||
| $20 000-$39 000 | 4 (50.0) | 3 (30.0) | ||
| >$40 000-$79 000 | 1 (12.5) | 4 (40.0) | ||
| Insurance type | .284 | |||
| Medicare/medicaid | 4 (57.1) | 4 (44.4) | ||
| Private | 3 (42.9) | 2 (22.2) | ||
| Out of pocket | 0 | 3 (33.3) | ||
| Health status | .255 | |||
| Excellent | 0 | 4 (40.0) | ||
| Good | 5 (62.5) | 4 (40.0) | ||
| Fair | 2 (25.0) | 1 (10.0) | ||
| Poor | 1 (12.5) | 1 (10.0) | ||
| Hypertension-related characteristics | ||||
| Hypertension knowledge, mean (SD) | 18.88 (1.36) | 19.40 (1.35) | −0.818 | .425 |
| No. of chronic conditions, mean (SD) | 3.63 (1.77) | 3.20 (1.99) | 0.47 | .643 |
| Hypertension, no. of years diagnosed, mean (SD) | 11.25 (10.25) | 21.30 (11.09) | −1.975 | .066* |
| Body mass index, mean (SD) | 42.78 (6.92) | 32.57 (9.29) | 2.46 | .020* |
| Dietary intake | ||||
| Health eating index, mean (SD) | 51.14 (16.18) | 55.44 (16.40) | −0.523 | .609 |
| Sodium (mg/day) | 3004.58 (1579.56) | 3521.49 (2614.39) | −0.460 | .653 |
| Caloric intake (kcals/day) | 1772.51 (687.94) | 1909.74 (1198.82) | −0.269 | .792 |
| No. of antihypertensives prescribed, mean (SD) | 2.13 (1.25) | 2.70 (1.57) | −0.844 | .411 |
| Class of antihypertensives prescribed, n (%) | ||||
| Thiazides-type | 5 (62.5) | 6 (60.0) | 0.012 | .914 |
| Calcium channel blocker | 2 (25.0) | 7 (70.0) | 3.60 | .058* |
| ACE inhibitors | 2 (25.0) | 0 | 2.813 | .094* |
| Angiotensin receptor blocker | 2 (25.0) | 3 (27.8) | 0.055 | .814 |
| Beta blocker | 3 (37.5) | 5 (50.0) | 0.281 | .596 |
Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; No., number.
Values are reported as either n (%) or mean (M) and standard deviation (SD). The P-values are for Fisher exact test (categorical variables) and t-test (continuous variables). The hypertension knowledge-level scale (HK-LS) and scores range from 0 to 22, with higher scores indicating greater knowledge levels of hypertension.
*
Statistically significant at P < .10.