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. 2021 Dec 4;8:20499361211063016. doi: 10.1177/20499361211063016

Table 1.

Repurposed antivirals being evaluated for therapeutic activity in COVID-19.

Drug Mechanism Primary application
Remdesivir Targets viral proteases and RdRp Hepatitis C, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Ebola and Marburg viral disease 21
Favipiravir Inhibits RdRp (purine nucleoside analog) Multiple RNA viral diseases – Influenza, Ebola, Yellow fever, etc. 22
Lopinavir and ritonavir Inhibits viral proteases HIV, SARS, MERS 23
Molnupiravir Competitive substrate of viral RdRp Influenza, Chikungunya virus, Respiratory syncytial virus, Ebola, SARS, MERS 24
Ribavirin Acts on viral RdRp in replicating viral genome (guanine analog) RSV, Hepatitis C, SARS, MERS 25
Umifenovir Inhibits fusion of viral S protein to ACE2 Influenza, SARS 26

ACE2, angiotensin converting enzyme 2; HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; MERS, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome; RNA, ribonucleic acid; RSV, Respiratory Syncytial Virus; SARS, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.