Table 1.
Drug | Mechanism | Primary application |
---|---|---|
Remdesivir | Targets viral proteases and RdRp | Hepatitis C, Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Ebola and Marburg viral disease 21 |
Favipiravir | Inhibits RdRp (purine nucleoside analog) | Multiple RNA viral diseases – Influenza, Ebola, Yellow fever, etc. 22 |
Lopinavir and ritonavir | Inhibits viral proteases | HIV, SARS, MERS 23 |
Molnupiravir | Competitive substrate of viral RdRp | Influenza, Chikungunya virus, Respiratory syncytial virus, Ebola, SARS, MERS 24 |
Ribavirin | Acts on viral RdRp in replicating viral genome (guanine analog) | RSV, Hepatitis C, SARS, MERS 25 |
Umifenovir | Inhibits fusion of viral S protein to ACE2 | Influenza, SARS 26 |
ACE2, angiotensin converting enzyme 2; HIV, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; MERS, Middle East Respiratory Syndrome; RNA, ribonucleic acid; RSV, Respiratory Syncytial Virus; SARS, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.