Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population. The Tromsø Study: Tromsø7.
| Total | Women | Men | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 11,377) | (n = 6,074) (53.4 %) | (n = 5,303) (46.6 %) | |
| Age, years | |||
| 40–49 | 3,256 (29 %) | 1,827 (30 %) | 1,429 (27 %) |
| 50–59 | 3,261 (29 %) | 1,805 (30 %) | 1,456 (27 %) |
| 60–69 | 3,152 (28 %) | 1,637 (27 %) | 1,515 (29 %) |
| 70+ | 1,708 (15 %) | 805 (13 %) | 903 (17 %) |
| Education | |||
| Primary | 2,314 (21 %) | 1,263 (21 %) | 1,051 (20 %) |
| Upper secondary | 3,051 (27 %) | 1,532 (25 %) | 1,519 (29 %) |
| Tertiary short <4 years | 2,316 (21 %) | 1,110 (18 %) | 1,206 (23 %) |
| Tertiary long ≥4 years | 3,574 (32 %) | 2,109 (35 %) | 1,465 (28 %) |
| Body mass index, kg/m 2 | |||
| <25 | 3,770 (33 %) | 2,422 (40 %) | 1,348 (25 %) |
| 25–29.9 | 4,982 (44 %) | 2,300 (38 %) | 2,682 (51 %) |
| 30+ | 2,598 (23 %) | 1,335 (22 %) | 1,263 (24 %) |
| Physical activity level | |||
| Sedentary | 1,447 (13 %) | 747 (13 %) | 700 (13 %) |
| Light | 6,531 (59 %) | 3,840 (65 %) | 2,691 (52 %) |
| Moderate | 2,805 (25 %) | 1,185 (20 %) | 1,620 (31 %) |
| Vigorous | 333 (3 %) | 135 (2 %) | 198 (4 %) |
| Smoking | 1,422 (13 %) | 816 (14 %) | 606 (11 %) |
| Use of cholesterol-lowering drugs | 1,670 (15 %) | 732 (12 %) | 938 (18 %) |
| Energy intake, kJ/day | 9,722 ± 3,049 | 8,910 ± 2,739 | 10,652 ± 3,120 |
| Fiber, g/day | 28 ± 10 | 28 ± 10 | 28 ± 10 |
| Polyunsaturated fat, E% | 6.0 ± 1.6 | 6.0 ± 1.5 | 6.1 ± 1.6 |
| Sugar, E%a | 5.6 ± 3.5 | 5.4 ± 3.5 | 5.7 ± 3.6 |
| Fermented dairy intake, g/day | 131 (44–291) | 146 (56–300) | 113 (33–274) |
| Fermented dairy intake, g/10 MJ | 140 (49–320) | 171 (68–348) | 104 (34–273) |
| Fermented liquid dairy intake, g/day | 0 (0–200) | 0 (0–200) | 0 (0–200) |
| Yogurt, g/day | 26 (4–112) | 45 (9–118) | 17 (0–90) |
| Yogurt, g/10 MJ | 29 (4–112) | 45 (10–139) | 16 (0–80) |
| Low-fat yogurt, g/day | 0 (0–57) | 0 (0–100) | 0 (0–9) |
| Regular-fat yogurt, g/day | 11 (0–40) | 15 (0–45) | 9 (0–28) |
| Cheese, g/day | 19 (10–36) | 22 (13–40) | 16 (7–29) |
| Cheese, g/10 MJ | 21 (10–38) | 26 (14–46) | 16 (8–29) |
| Low-fat cheese, g/day | 0 (0–4) | 0 (0–7) | 0 (0–0) |
| Regular-fat cheese, g/day | 14 (7–29) | 16 (7–29) | 13 (7–29) |
| Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.48 ± 1.07 | 5.58 ± 1.07 | 5.37 ± 1.07 |
| -Fasting at blood sampling (n = 861) | 5.67 ± 1.11 | 5.74 ± 1.12 | 5.62 ± 1.10 |
| -Users of cholesterol-lowering drugs (n = 1,670) | 4.68 ± 0.99 | 4.96 ± 0.98 | 4.46 ± 0.94 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.59 ± 0.99 | 3.58 ± 0.98 | 3.60 ± 1.00 |
| -Fasting at blood sampling (n = 861) | 3.82 ± 1.05 | 3.77 ± 1.06 | 3.87 ± 1.04 |
| -Users of cholesterol-lowering drugs (n = 1,670) | 2.82 ± 0.86 | 2.95 ± 0.87 | 2.72 ± 0.85 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.59 ± 0.49 | 1.75 ± 0.50 | 1.41 ± 0.41 |
| -Fasting at blood sampling (n = 861) | 1.55 ± 0.47 | 1.74 ± 0.47 | 1.39 ± 0.41 |
| -Users of cholesterol-lowering drugs (n = 1,670) | 1.51 ± 0.48 | 1.70 ± 0.51 | 1.36 ± 0.40 |
| Triglycerides, mmol/L | 1.30 (0.90–1.80) | 1.13 (0.80–1.60) | 1.43 (1.00–2.09) |
| -Fasting at blood sampling (n = 861) | 1.18 (0.80–1.70) | 1.00 (0.79–1.40) | 1.33 (1.00–1.90) |
| -Users of cholesterol-lowering drugs (n = 1,670) | 1.40 (1.00–2.00) | 1.30 (0.92–1.80) | 1.46 (1.10–2.01) |
Data is presented as frequency (percentage), mean (± standard deviation) or median (25th-75th percentile), where appropriate.
a
Added sugar.