Table 4.
Linear regression coefficients for the associations between blood lipids and intake of semi-solid yogurt and intake of liquid fermented dairy. The Tromsø Study: Tromsø7.
| Intake of semi-solid yogurt (100 g/day) | Intake of liquid fermented dairy (100 g/day) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| βa | 95 % CI | p- value | βa | 95 % CI | p -value | |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | ||||||
| Unadjusted modelb | −0.0070 | (−0.0497, 0.0357) | 0.75 | −0.0029 | (−0.0106, 0.0047) | 0.45 |
| Age-adjusted modelb | −0.0191 | (−0.0612, 0.0230) | 0.37 | −0.0040 | (−0.0115, 0.0035) | 0.30 |
| Multivariable modelc | −0.0375 | (−0.0790, 0.0040) | 0.08 | −0.0007 | (−0.0082, 0.0068) | 0.86 |
| LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | ||||||
| Unadjusted modelb | −0.0451 | (−0.0846, −0.0056) | 0.03 | −0.0036 | (−0.0107, 0.0035) | 0.32 |
| Age–adjusted modelb | −0.0563 | (−0.0953, −0.0172) | 0.01 | −0.0033 | (−0.0103, 0.0037) | 0.35 |
| Multivariable modelc | −0.0385 | (−0.0770, −0.0001) | 0.049 | −0.0029 | (−0.0098, 0.0040) | 0.41 |
| HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) | ||||||
| Unadjusted modelb | 0.0765 | (0.0569, 0.0960) | <0.001 | −0.0006 | (−0.0041, 0.0029) | 0.73 |
| Age-adjusted modelb | 0.0765 | (0.0571, 0.0960) | <0.001 | −0.0021 | (−0.0056, 0.0014) | 0.23 |
| Multivariable modelc | 0.0098 | (−0.0077, 0.0273) | 0.27 | 0.0021 | (−0.0010, 0.0053) | 0.19 |
| Triglycerides (% change) | ||||||
| Unadjusted modelb | −6.87 | (−8.75, −4.94) | <0.001 | 0.04 | (−0.32, 0.41) | 0.82 |
| Age–adjusted modelb | −7.12 | (−8.99, −5.20) | <0.001 | 0.03 | (−0.33, 0.40) | 0.86 |
| Multivariable modeld | −2.48e | (−4.38, −0.55) | 0.01 | −0.32 | (−0.68, 0.03) | 0.07 |
β (regression coefficient) represents mean change in blood lipid concentrations per one unit (100 g/day) increase in intake of semi-solid yogurt and intake of liquid fermented dairy. For the models with triglycerides as dependent variable, the regression coefficient represents relative change (%) in triglyceride concentration for one unit increase (100 g/day) in intake of semi-solid yogurt and intake of liquid fermented dairy.
n = 11,377.
Adjusted for age, sex, education, level of physical activity, body mass index, energy intake, intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber, and alcohol, use of cholesterol-lowering drugs, and smoking status. n = 10,865.
Adjusted for age, sex, education, level of physical activity, body mass intake, energy intake, intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber, sugar, and alcohol, use of cholesterol-lowering drugs, smoking status, time since last meal, and intake of alcohol last two days. n = 10,844. e. A 100 g/day increase in intake of semi-solid yogurt is associated with a decrease of −0.03 mmol/L for a person that has a triglyceride concentration of 1.30 mmol/L (median value of the study population).