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. 2021 Oct 25;40(24):e108944. doi: 10.15252/embj.2021108944

Figure EV3. Impact of IFN‐β1 and IFITMs on SARS‐CoV‐2 variant replication and S protein‐mediated cell–cell fusion.

Figure EV3

  • A
    Vero cells were pre‐treated for 2 h with a serial dilution of IFN‐β1 prior to infection with the SARS‐CoV‐2 variants. Infected cells were maintained in media containing IFN‐β1 and analyzed by flow cytometry 48 h post‐infection to determine relative infection change.
  • B
    U20S‐ACE2 GFP‐split cells were pre‐treated for 2 h with a serial dilution of IFN‐β1 prior to infection with the SARS‐CoV‐2 variants. Infected cells were maintained in media containing IFN‐β1 and relative inhibition of syncytia formation 20 h post‐infection was determined via GFP signal.
  • C–G
    A co‐culture of 293T GFP‐Split cells were transfected with combination of S, control, ACE2, TMPRSS2, and IFITM plasmids and then imaged 18 h post‐transfection. Effect of IFITMs and TMPRSS2 on the cell–cell fusion induced by different S proteins, (D) Wuhan, (E) D614G, (F) Alpha, and (G) Beta.

Data information: Data are mean ± SD of at least three independent experiments. Statistical analysis: one‐way ANOVA compared with D614G reference or control plasmid transfection, ns: non‐significant, *P < 0. 05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.