Table 1.
Baseline characteristics for the 517 HCC patients undergoing surgical resection
| Feature | Training set (n = 362) | Test set (n = 155) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 62±12.3 | 61±13.1 | 0.676 |
| Male gender, n (%) | 294 (81.2) | 123 (79.4) | 0.628 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 24.5±3.50 | 25.0±3.82 | 0.185 |
| Anti-HCV-positive, n (%) | 67 (18.5) | 19 (12.3) | 0.921 |
| HBsAg-positive, n (%) | 256 (70.7) | 111 (71.6) | 0.105 |
| BCLC stage 0/A/B/C, n (%) | 35/253/39/35 (9.7/69.9/10.8/9.7) | 14/117/18/6 (9/75.5/11.6/3.9) | 0.119 |
| Tumor size, cm | 5.7±3.72 | 6.2±4.31 | 0.703 |
| Tumor number 1/2/>2, n (%) | 294/44/24 (81.2/12.2/6.6) | 126/21/32 (81.3/13.5/5.2) | 0.640 |
| WBC count, /µL | 6,162±1,878 | 6,312±2,138 | 0.603 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 13.5±1.95 | 13.3±1.82 | 0.296 |
| Platelet count, ×109/L | 184±76 | 189±82 | 0.607 |
| Prothrombin time-INR | 1.06±0.83 | 1.06±0.07 | 0.742 |
| ALB, g/dL | 4.0±0.43 | 4.0±2.67 | 0.969 |
| Na, mmol/L | 140±2.6 | 140±2.7 | 0.508 |
| K, mmol/L | 4.14±0.47 | 4.24±0.48 | 0.021 |
| BUN, mg/dL | 16±7.0 | 15±5.9 | 0.267 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.02±0.88 | 1.02±0.89 | 0.958 |
| Total bilirubin, mg/dL | 0.79±0.41 | 0.84±0.46 | 0.348 |
| ALT, U/L | 48±42 | 51±38 | 0.128 |
| AST, U/L | 46±31 | 54±45 | 0.073 |
| AFP, ng/mL | 20.72 (5.17–409.00) | 24.37 (6.14–978.84) | 0.276 |
| ALK-P, U/L | 87±49 | 96±59 | 0.157 |
| GGT, U/L | 43 (10–702) | 41.5 (13–626) | 0.518 |
| AAR | 1.14±0.79 | 1.20±0.83 | 0.662 |
| APRI | 0.64±0.52 | 0.84±1.26 | 0.491 |
| Tumor grade 1/2/>2, n (%) | 39/173/146 (10.9/48.3/40.8) | 19/70/65 (12.3/45.5/42.2) | 0.473 |
| Microvascular invasion, n (%) | 277 (76.5) | 105 (67.7) | 0.043 |
| Inflammation, n (%) | |||
| Mild | 16 (4.6) | 5 (3.4) | 0.825 |
| Moderate | 303 (86.8) | 129 (88.4) | |
| Severe | 30 (8.6) | 12 (8.2) | |
| Ishak fibrosis stage, n (%) | |||
| 0–2 | 157 (44) | 68 (44.1) | 0.339 |
| 3–4 | 96 (26.9) | 34 (22.1) | |
| 5–6 | 104 (29.1) | 52 (33.7) | |
| Hepatic steatosis, n (%) | |||
| <5% | 146 (48.3) | 69 (51.9) | 0.404 |
| 5–33% | 132 (43.7) | 58 (43.6) | |
| 34–66% | 23 (7.6) | 5 (3.8) | |
| >66% | 1 (0.3) | 1 (0.8) | |
| 2-year recurrence, n (%) | 168 (46.4) | 71 (45.8) | 0.976 |
HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; AFP, alpha-fetoprotein; BMI, body mass index; BCLC, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; AAR; AST/ALT ratio; APRI, AST to platelet ratio index.