Table 4.
Associations between sociodemographic and substance use risk factors and adverse substance use impacts of COVID-19 among SGM respondents.
| Increased alcohol (n = 279) | Increased cannabis (n = 177) | Use of substances to cope (n = 146) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI for OR | OR | 95% CI for OR | OR | 95% CI for OR | ||||
| Round | |||||||||
| Round 1 (Reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | – | ||||||
| Round 2 | 1.46 | .84 | 2.54 | 1.28 | .66 | 2.48 | – | – | – |
| Age | |||||||||
| 18–34 years (Reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| 35–54 years | 1.88 | .95 | 3.71 | 1.90 | .88 | 4.08 | 2.21 | .67 | 7.27 |
| 55+ plus years | .54 | .23 | 1.29 | .64 | .24 | 1.74 | .29 | .07 | 1.24 |
| Gendera | |||||||||
| Female (Reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Male | .61 | .33 | 1.12 | .91 | .44 | 1.88 | 1.60 | .56 | 4.60 |
| Household Income | |||||||||
| $100k + (Reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| <$25k | .42 | .14 | 1.23 | .78 | .24 | 2.59 | .23 | .05 | 1.11 |
| $25k-$50k | .51 | .23 | 1.16 | .93 | .37 | 2.36 | .31 | .09 | 1.10 |
| $50k-$100k | .66 | .34 | 1.28 | .98 | .43 | 2.21 | .20⁎⁎ | .07 | .62 |
| Education | |||||||||
| College/university (Reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| High school or less | .70 | .26 | 1.87 | .99 | .34 | 2.94 | 1.59 | .34 | 7.47 |
| Some college/university | .99 | .49 | 2.00 | .87 | .38 | 1.99 | 1.18 | .40 | 3.47 |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||
| Non-racialized (Reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Racialized | .78 | .40 | 1.50 | .63 | .28 | 1.41 | 1.66 | .55 | 5.00 |
| Indigenous | 1.05 | .34 | 3.27 | 1.02 | .27 | 3.82 | .79 | .17 | 3.70 |
| Rural / Urban | |||||||||
| Urban (Reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Rural | .69 | .28 | 1.69 | 1.13 | .44 | 2.90 | 3.24* | 1.05 | 10.02 |
| Live Alone | |||||||||
| No (Reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Yes | 1.02 | .54 | 1.93 | .80 | .36 | 1.74 | 1.12 | .39 | 3.20 |
| Pre-Existing Mental Health | |||||||||
| No (Reference) | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||
| Yes | 1.82 | 1.0 | 3.33 | 3.11⁎⁎ | 1.49 | 6.48 | 7.12⁎⁎ | 2.62 | 19.34 |
Note: There is variation in the number of respondents included in the regression model for each substance use outcome, as some participants opted not to answer certain substance use questions (i.e., they selected “Not applicable” or “Prefer not to answer”). The alcohol and cannabis use outcome was dichotomized as “Increased use” and “No increase”. Round was not included in the model examining use of substances to cope because this outcome was only included in the Round 2 survey.
p<0.05.
p<0.01.
Non-binary and Two-Spirit respondents were excluded from the regression analyses due to low numbers and trans participants were included in their self-identified gender category.
SGM: sexual and gender minority.