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. 2021 Nov 22;12:773656. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2021.773656

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Copyright © 2021 Yeap, Norkhairunnisa, Norfadzilah, Muhammad Rashdan, Appleton and Harikrishna.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/Cas9-mediated mutation events and phenotypes of EgBRI1 mutant transgenic oil palm. (A) The overall percentage frequency of occurrence for each type of mutation event detected at gBRI1-1 and gBRI1-2 targeted sites. The mutation events detected in the transgenic oil palms exhibiting (B) stunted growth phenotype induced by CRISPR/Cas9 and gBRI1-1, gBRI1-2, or (C) dual gRNAs mutation induction in the EgBRI1 gene, and (D) necrotic shoot apex phenotype. PAM is highlighted in yellow, InDels sequences of the target site are shown in red, and nucleotide substitution is marked in blue. g1, gBRI1-1; g2, gBRI1-2; WT, wild-type; C, control; Dm, double mutant; 1–5, plantlet number.