Figure 4.

Weighted average predictive ability across 71 environments obtained for four cross-validation schemes and 16 models for the trait plant height. G, main effect of SNPs markers (genomic relationship matrix for LRE models; principal components derived from marker matrix for machine learning-based approaches); Y, year effect; S, site effect; GxS, genotype-by-site interaction; E, environment effect; GxY, genotype-by-year interaction; GxS, genotype-by-site interaction; GxE, genotype-by-environment interaction; GxW, interaction between W and SNPs; Lon, longitude; Lat, latitude; W, effect of weather- and soil-based covariates. For linear random effects models, results with models including longitude and latitude data in the matrix W are depicted here.