The DDoG measure implements the MAGI principles. The DDoG measure collects readouts of abstract-graph interpretation. Shown are the major pieces of the DDoG measure's procedure, with the relevant MAGI principle(s) in parentheses. (a) Drawing page: showed the participant how to set up their paper for drawing (Expressive
freedom, Limited
instructions). (b) Instructions: explained what to draw (Limited instructions). (c) Stimulus graph: was the graph to be interpreted (Ecological validity, Ground-truth linkage, Limited mental transformations). (d) Figure caption: was presented with each stimulus graph to help clarify its content (Ecological validity). (e–f) Representative readouts: four-graph readouts from two separate participants, with readouts of graph stimulus shown in c outlined in purple (we refer to this stimulus below as AGE) (Expressive freedom, Information richness, Limited mental transformations). Representative AGE stimulus graph (c) sketches are outlined in purple. Representative readouts demonstrate (e) the correct Bar-Tip Mean response and (f) the incorrect Bar-Tip Limit (BTL) response.