Fig. 2.

Preferential upregulation of TIMP-1 following MHV-A59 infection. Brain tissues from mock- and MHV-A59 (2000 PFU)-infected mice at different days post-infection (d.p.i) were harvested and subjected to RT-qPCR and immunoblot assay. A: Data analysis of RT-qPCR revealed a significant upregulation in Timp-1 mRNA levels at 5–6 d.p.i in MHV-A59-infected samples compared with mock-infected samples. B–D: In contrast, Timp-2, -3, and -4 mRNAs exhibit a downward trend post-infection. E: Representative immunoblot from two independent experiments depicts the expression of TIMP-1 (∼25 KDa) and γ-actin (internal loading control) in mock and MHV-A59 infected samples. F: MHV-A59 infected mice demonstrated an increasing trend in TIMP-1 protein levels compared to mock samples. All data are represented as mean ± SEM. RT-qPCR data is from two independent biological experiments with nine technical replicates. A significant difference between the two groups was compared with the student t-test. Ordinary one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnet's test was performed for multiple group comparisons. Statistical significance was considered for p values < 0.05 (***, p < 0.001).