Table 1. Baseline characteristics and laboratory data in patients aged < 85 vs. ≥ 85 years.
| Age < 85 yrs
n = 177 |
Age ≥ 85 yrs
N = 45 |
P | |
| Data are presented as mean ± SD or n (%). *Values are expressed as numbers (standard deviation) or numbers and percentages. ACEI: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker; CAD: coronary artery disease; NYHA: New York Heart Association. | |||
| Age, yrs | 69.7 ± 9.4 | 88.9 ± 3.2 | < 0.001 |
| Male gender | 94 (53.1%) | 25 (55.6%) | 0.867 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.3 ± 4.1 | 21.1 ± 3.6 | < 0.001 |
| Heart rate at baseline, beats/min | 86.7 ± 16.8 | 92.2 ± 19.7 | 0.058 |
| Systolic BP at baseline, mmHg | 147.5 ± 31.0 | 150.1 ± 30.0 | 0.603 |
| Diastolic BP at baseline, mmHg | 75.3 ± 4.2 | 75.5 ± 14.4 | 0.935 |
| Current/past smoker | 45 (25.4%) | 8 (17.8%) | 0.332 |
| Alcohol intake | 60 (33.9%) | 9 (20.0%) | 0.103 |
| History of hypertension | 117 (66.1%) | 28 (62.2%) | 0.726 |
| History of diabetes mellitus | 130 (73.4%) | 20 (44.4%) | < 0.001 |
| History of insulin use | 26 (14.7%) | 2 (4.4%) | 0.078 |
| History of dyslipidemia | 38 (21.5%) | 8 (17.8%) | 0.683 |
| History of kidney disease | 0.002 | ||
| Normal kidney function | 104 (58.8%) | 37 (82.2%) | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 29 (16.4%) | 7 (15.6%) | |
| End-stage renal disease | 44 (24.9%) | 1 (2.2%) | |
| History of CAD | 69 (39.0%) | 21 (46.7%) | 0.396 |
| History of myocardial infarction | 12 (6.8%) | 2 (4.4%) | 0.741 |
| History of carotid artery stenosis | 3 (1.7%) | 0 | 1.000 |
| History of ischemic stroke | 28 (15.8%) | 7 (15.6%) | 1.000 |
| History of chronic heart failure | 0.431 | ||
| NYHA class I | 7 (4.0%) | 3 (6.7%) | 0.431 |
| NYHA class II | 9 (5.1%) | 3 (6.7%) | |
| NYHA class III | 10 (5.6%) | 5 (11.1%) | |
| NYHA class IV | 5 (2.8%) | 0 | |
| Family history of premature CAD | 2 (1.1%) | 0 | 1.000 |
| History of any cancer | 8 (4.5%) | 5 (11.1%) | 0.145 |
| History of amputation | 13 (7.3%) | 0 | 0.616 |
| Above-knee amputation | 6 (3.4%) | 0 | |
| Below-knee amputation | 3 (1.7%) | 0 | |
| Forefoot amputation | 4 (2.3%) | 0 | |
| Acute ischemic limb presentation | 17 (9.6%) | 11 (24.4%) | 0.012 |
| Rutherford classification | 0.218 | ||
| Class III | 22 (12.4%) | 3 (6.7%) | |
| Class IV | 38 (21.5%) | 16 (35.6%) | |
| Class V | 106 (59.9%) | 24 (53.3%) | |
| Class VI | 11 (6.2%) | 2 (4.4%) | |
| CHADS2 score | 0.103 | ||
| 0 | 9 (5.1%) | 0 | |
| 1 | 40 (22.6%) | 6 (13.3%) | |
| 2 | 61 (34.5%) | 19 (42.2%) | |
| 3 | 39 (22.0%) | 11 (24.4%) | |
| 4 | 22 (12.4%) | 4 (8.9%) | |
| 5 | 6 (3.4%) | 5 (11.1%) | |
| Laboratory data | |||
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 160.2 ± 46.3 | 152.8 ± 46.5 | 0.357 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 40.0 ± 18.1 | 44.4 ± 14.7 | 0.515 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, mg/dL | 93.2 ± 34.8 | 101.3 ± 42.9 | 0.47 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 165.4 ± 128.9 | 94.7 ± 46.6 | < 0.001 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 180.2 ± 100.8 | 161.7 ± 101.9 | 0.279 |
| Glycosylated hemoglobin | 7.5% ± 2.0% | 6.9% ± 1.9% | 0.319 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 3.8 ± 3.6 | 1.8 ± 1.5 | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine clearance, mg/dL | 31.3 ± 28.5 | 24.8 ± 12.3 | 0.022 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min per 1.732 m2 | 37.9 ± 35.0 | 48.6 ± 30.7 | 0.064 |
| Alanine transaminase, IU/L | 23.1 ± 22.9 | 21.0 ± 12.2 | 0.546 |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 5.8 ± 2.3 | 6.1 ± 2.4 | 0.437 |
| White blood cell count, 103/μL | 9561.0 ± 4971.5 | 9322.2 ± 4811.0 | 0.772 |
| Neutrophil ratio | 70.5% ± 12.8% | 68.7% ± 17.8% | 0.44 |
| Lymphocyte ratio | 17.1% ± 10.0% | 17.3% ± 9.8% | 0.9 |
| Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio | 7.9% ± 10.3% | 6.5% ± 5.9% | 0.377 |
| Medication at baseline | |||
| Aspirin | 69 (39.0%) | 13 (28.9%) | 0.230 |
| Cilostazol | 82 (46.3%) | 26 (57.8%) | 0.185 |
| Clopidogrel | 51 (28.8%) | 10 (22.2%) | 0.456 |
| Oral anti-coagulant | |||
| Pentoxyphylline | 10 (5.6%) | 1 (2.2%) | 0.699 |
| ACEI or ARB | 9 (5.1%) | 2 (4.4%) | 1.000 |
| Beta-blockers | 32 (18.1%) | 7 (15.6%) | 0.828 |
| Calcium channel blockers | 40 (22.6%) | 8 (17.8%) | 0.549 |
| Statin | 34 (19.2%) | 10 (22.2%) | 0.677 |
| Urate-lowering therapy | 3 (1.7%) | 2 (4.4%) | 0.267 |