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. 2021 Nov 23;11:688706. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.688706

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Copyright © 2021 Xu, Cui, Dong, Zou, Fan, Li, Wang, Sun, Yu and Wang

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The overall workflow of patients. We retrospectively screened 22738 patients, and finally 186 were enrolled in the case group and 372 in the control group. All patients were randomly divided into 70% (training set) and 30% (validation set). Key words esophageal fistula or perforation, and esophageal cancer were set in the imaging system. After excluding duplicate patients, a total of 691 patients with esophageal fistula were collected. Then, patients with lack of diagnostic CT (n=278) and with postoperative anastomotic leakage (n=227) were excluded. Finally, 186 esophageal fistula patients were enrolled.