Fig. 1.

ARADRP identified by spatial covariance analysis of [¹⁸F]-FDG-PET scans from Aβ+ NCs and Aβ- NCs in the combined cohorts. (A) Abnormal metabolic covariance topography in the ARADRP of the combined cohorts showing negative (cold color) and positive (warm color) regions coded by Z-scores. (B) Individual pattern expression score of the Aβ+ NCs and the Aβ- NCs using the ARADRP identified from the combined cohorts. It should be noted that the scores are not absolute values, and the reference values used in the z-scoring are different between the combined cohorts and the independent cohort. Abbreviations: ADNI, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative; SILCODE, Sino Longitudinal Study on Cognitive Decline; Aβ, β-amyloid; NCs, cognitively normal controls; ARADRP, at-risk Alzheimer’s disease-related metabolic pattern; [¹⁸F]-FDG-PET, [¹⁸F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography.