Table 2. Patient characteristics and outcome according to the etiology.

Variables	All patients (n=74)	Immune related (n=7)	Liver dysfunction (n=4)	Cardiovascular causes (n=3)	Miscellaneous (infection and other conditions) (n=12)	IPH (n=48)	P value
Age, year	3.5 (1.5–7)	9 (6.0–11.0)	0.15 (0.1–0.425)	13 (0.6–13)	1.5 (0.7–5.5)	4.0 (2–6.8)	0.001
Male gender, %	38 (51.4)	4 (57.1)	4 (100.0)	3 (100.0)	4 (33.3)	23 (47.9)	0.078
Course, month	1 (0.3–12.3)	1 (1–6)	0.7 (0.325–4.75)	0.1 (0.075–0.55)	0.25 (0.1–3)	4.0 (1.0–16)	0.006
Presenting symptoms
Fever	29 (39.2)	2 (28.6)	2 (50.0)	1 (33.3)	8 (66.7)	16 (33.3)	0.288
Cough	45 (60.8)	3 (42.9)	0 (0)	1 (33.3)	3 (25.0)	38 (79.2)	<0.001
Anemia	62 (83.8)	7 (100.0)	3 (75.0)	0 (0)	7 (58.3)	45 (93.8)	<0.001
Hemoptysis	48 (64.9)	4 (57.1)	1 (25.0)	3 (100.0)	9 (75)	31 (64.6)	0.280
Dyspnea	33 (44.6)	3 (42.9)	3 (75.0)	3 (100.0)	11 (91.7)	12 (25.0)	<0.001
Hypoxia	32 (43.2)	4 (57.1)	4 (100.0)	2 (66.7)	11 (91.7)	11 (22.9)	<0.001
Clubbing	2 (2.7)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (33.3)	0 (0)	1 (2.1)	0.024
Crackles	20 (27.0)	0 (0)	0 (0)	1 (33.3)	6 (50.0)	13 (27.1)	0.123
Hb, g/L	76.8±32	67.3±22.6	82.8±15.2	159±64.9	94.4±30.1	68.1±22.6	0.002
Pulmonary infiltrates	66 (89.2)	7 (100.0)	3 (75.0)	3 (100.0)	9 (75.0)	44 (91.7)	0.309
DAH classical triad*	36 (48.6)	4 (57.1)	1 (25.0)	0 (0)	4 (33.3)	27 (56.3)	0.192

*, refers to hemoptysis, anemia and pulmonary infiltrates on chest imaging.