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. 2021 Mar 15;66(11):951–960. doi: 10.1177/07067437211000636

Table 4.

Comorbidity of Lifetime CIDI-based Mental Disorders with Odds Ratios (OR) and 95% Confidence Intervals (CI) for the Associations between Mental Disorders.

Major Depressive Episode (MDE) Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) Panic Disorder Social Anxiety Disorder (SAD)
% OR (95% CI) % OR (95% CI) % OR (95% CI) % OR (95% CI) % OR (95% CI)
MDD 44.4a 9.91***(7.86 – 12.49) 38.4 11.65***(8.74 – 15.53) 36.8 7.51***(5.76 – 9.78) 48.4 7.62***(6.10 – 9.53)
PTSD 79.6 9.91*** (7.86 – 12.49) 46.0 7.42***(5.88 – 9.37) 50.8 9.75***(7.75 – 12.26) 58.8 7.46***(5.97 – 9.33)
GAD 83.3 11.65***(8.74 – 15.53) 55.4 7.42***(5.88 – 9.37) 50.5 7.53***(5.90 – 9.59) 65.1 9.19***(7.17 – 11.78)
Panic disorder 77.3 7.51***(5.76 – 9.78) 60.1 9.75***(7.75 – 12.26) 48.5 7.53***(5.90 – 9.59) 65.3 9.57***(7.50 – 12.20)
SAD 74.6 7.62***(6.10 – 9.53) 50.8 7.46***(5.97 – 9.33) 46.2 9.19***(7.17 – 11.78) 48.2 9.57***(7.50 – 12.20)

a Of all people with MDD, 44.4% also had PTSD.