Figure 7.

Inhibition of PTEN/PI3K pathway improves the protective effects of hPMSC-Exo in senescent CD4+ T cells. 4×10⁶ human naive CD4+ T cells (CD4CD45RA cells) were pretreated for 1 h with the PTEN inhibitor bpV(HOpic)(100 μM). Then, 2 µg/ml hPMSC-Exo were added to CD4⁺ T cells and co-cultured for 72 h. (A, B) The levels of ROS and 8-OH-dG. (C, D) The levels of T-AOC and SOD activity. (E, F) The rate of SA-β-gal-positive CD4⁺ T cells (Bar =10 µm). (G, H) The protein expressions of senescent markers p53 and γ-H2AX. (I) The expressions of IL-6 and OPN mRNA. Data represent the mean scores ± SEM of at least three independent experiments. *p<0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. naive CD4⁺ T cells group; ^# p < 0.05, ^## p < 0.01 vs. activated CD4⁺ T cells group; ^& p < 0.05, ^&& p < 0.01 vs. activated CD4⁺ T cells group treated with hPMSC-Exo group.