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. 2021 Nov 23;12:746420. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.746420

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Copyright © 2021 Farnoud, Tofighian, Baumann, Martin, Rashidi, Menden and Schmid.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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The geometry of the right (blue) and left (orange) olfactory regions (left figures) and the corresponding fraction of drug-laden airflow for non-pulsatile and pulsatile inlet airflow conditions (right plot) at the end of the inhalation phase (t = 1.98 s). The geometries of the olfactory regions are shown both from the side (top left) and the top (bottom left). The observed difference between flow fraction in the left and right olfactory region is due to corresponding differences in the left and right volume of the olfactory epithelium region, respectively.