Table 1. Optimization of the Reaction Conditions for the Alkylation of Vinyl Azide 3a with Alkyl Bromide 4aa.
| entry | solvent | changes | light (W) | yield (%)c |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | MeCN | – | 7 | 52 |
| 2 | MeCN | 60 °C, oil bath | – | 31 |
| 3 | MeCN | 60 °C, microwave | – | 32 |
| 4 | DMA | – | 7 | 27 |
| 5 | DMF | – | 7 | 64 |
| 6 | DMF | HME instead B12 | 7 | 26 |
| 7 | DMF | – | 3 | 28 |
| 8 | DMF | 30 min instead of 20 h | 10 | 37 |
| 9b | DMF | H2O as an additive | 7 | 82 |
General conditions: vinyl azide 3a (2.5 equiv), alkyl bromide 4a (0.25 mmol, 1.0 equiv), HME (2, 5 mol %), NH4Cl (1.5 equiv), Zn (3.0 equiv), 18-crown-6 (1.5 equiv), H2O (3 equiv), and solvent (0.1 M), 20 h, blue light (450 nm).
H2O (1.5 equiv).
Yields based on HPLC measurements.
