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. 2021 Nov 23;12:753044. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.753044

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Circulating microRNA (miRNA) levels can predict differences in the extent of immune reconstruction after antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. (A) Diagram of sample collection and miRNA screening in the four phases of our study. Plasma miRNA expressions of immune non-responders (INRs, n = 110), immune responders (IRs, n = 197), and HIV-negative controls (NCs, n = 5) were detected in the discovery, training, validation, and blinded test phases using fluorescent reverse transcriptase- quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). *Samples in the mixed test set were obtained from the training and validation set. (B) Principal components analysis (PCA) of 60 differentially-expressed miRNAs from INRs, IRs, and NCs in the discovery phase. (C) The 60 differentially-expressed miRNAs (p < 0.05), 19 miRNAs (0.05 < p < 0.1, CT < 32) and six reported miRNAs chosen for evaluation in the training phase. (D) The 17 miRNAs significant differential expressed (p < 0.05) between IRs and INRs from the training phase.