Table 3.
Summary of key findings
| Outcome | In-hospital/periprocedural (RR (95% CI)) |
30 days (RR (95% CI)) |
1 year (RR (95% CI)) |
2 years (RR (95% CI)) |
5 years (RR (95% CI)) |
| All-cause mortality | Favours SAVR 1.16 (0.59 to 2.27; 3 studies, n=3732) |
Favours TAVI 0.89 (0.65 to 1.22; 9 studies, n=8873) |
No difference 0.90 (0.79 to 1.03; 9 studies, n=8936) |
No difference 0.95 (0.85 to 1.06; 8 studies, n=6648) |
No difference 1.09 (0.98 to 1.22; 5 studies, n=3866) |
| Cardiovascular mortality | NR | No difference 1.03 (0.77 to 1.39; 8 studies, n=8803) |
No difference 0.90 (0.76 to 1.06; 8 studies, n=8831) |
No difference 0.96 (0.83 to 1.12; 5 studies, n=5503) |
Favours SAVR
1.11 (1.01 to 1.23; 4 studies, n=3761) |
| All stroke | Favours TAVI 0.80 (0.40 to 1.62; 1 study, n=750) |
Favours TAVI 0.83 (0.61 to 1.14; 9 studies, n=8873) |
No difference 0.94 (0.72 to 1.23; 8 studies, n=8831) |
Favours TAVI 0.88 (0.67 to 1.16; 6 studies, n=6453) |
No difference 1.07 (0.88 to 1.30; 4 studies, n=3761) |
| Major or disabling stroke | NR | Favours TAVI 0.85 (0.56 to 1.29; 7 studies, n=7712) |
Favours TAVI 0.80 (0.53 to 1.20; 6 studies, n=7642) |
Favours TAVI 0.79 (0.60 to 1.04; 4 studies, n=4665) |
No difference 1.05 (0.82 to 1.34; 2 studies, n=2782) |
| Myocardial infarction | Favours SAVR 1.38 (0.23 to 8.20; 1 study, n=750) |
Favours TAVI 0.84 (0.55 to 1.28; 9 studies, n=8877) |
No difference 0.92 (0.68 to 1.25; 9 studies, n=8901) |
No difference 0.91 (0.68 to 1.23; 6 studies, n=6453) |
No difference 1.08 (0.73 to 1.61; 4 studies, n=3761) |
| Major bleeding |
Favours TAVI
0.41 (0.28 to 0.60; 2 studies, n=1026) |
Favours TAVI
0.37 (0.21 to 0.64; 8 studies, n=8446) |
Favours TAVI
0.38 (0.31 to 0.48; 6 studies, n=6744) |
Favours TAVI
0.46 (0.34 to 0.64; 3 studies, n=3481) |
Favours TAVI
0.80 (0.69 to 0.93; 2 studies, n=1449) |
| Major vascular complications |
Favours SAVR
3.83 (1.69 to 8.67; 2 studies, n=1026) |
Favours SAVR
2.42 (1.55 to 3.80; 7 studies, n=8376) |
Favours SAVR
2.05 (1.38 to 3.04; 6 studies, n=6744) |
Favours SAVR
2.39 (1.36 to 4.18; 3 studies, n=3480) |
Favours SAVR
3.14 (1.95 to 5.07; 2 studies, n=1449) |
| Permanent pacemaker implantation |
Favours SAVR
7.19 (3.11 to 16.62; 1 study, n=750) |
Favours SAVR
2.47 (1.55 to 3.93; 7 studies, n=7767) |
Favours SAVR
2.23 (1.44 to 3.46; 7 studies, n=7767) |
Favours SAVR
2.11 (1.31 to 3.42; 6 studies, n=6367) |
Favours SAVR
1.90 (1.14 to 3.16; 4 studies, n=3761) |
| Acute kidney injury |
Favours TAVI
0.30 (0.10 to 0.93; 2 studies, n=1026) |
Favours TAVI
0.40 (0.30 to 0.53; 6 studies, n=7441) |
Favours TAVI
0.58 (0.34 to 1.00; 4 studies, n=4831) |
Favours TAVI
0.52 (0.33 to 0.80; 2 studies, n=2782) |
NR |
| New-onset or worsening atrial fibrillation |
Favours TAVI
0.23 (0.06 to 0.91; 2 studies, n=1536) |
Favours TAVI
0.29 (0.23 to 0.38; 7 studies, n=7767) |
Favours TAVI
0.36 (0.28 to 0.47; 7 studies, n=7767) |
Favours TAVI
0.36 (0.25 to 0.52; 4 studies, n=4008) |
Favours TAVI
0.45 (0.36 to 0.56; 2 studies, n=2312) |
| Endocarditis | NR | Favours TAVI 0.79 (0.21 to 3.04; 6 studies, n=6310) |
No difference 1.02 (0.55 to 1.89; 7 studies, n=7088) |
No difference 0.99 (0.43 to 2.24; 4 studies, n=4431) |
Favours SAVR 1.34 (0.87 to 2.05; 4 studies, n=3761) |
| Reintervention/reoperation | Favours SAVR 4.59 (0.22 to 95.32; 1 study, n=750) |
Favours SAVR 1.54 (0.50 to 4.77; 6 studies, n=7828) |
Favours SAVR 1.95 (0.92 to 4.13; 6 studies, n=7856) |
Favours SAVR
2.78 (1.35 to 5.71; 4 studies, n=5478) |
Favours SAVR
3.67 (1.76 to 7.63; 3 studies, n=3062) |
| Rehospitalisation | NR | Favours TAVI 0.88 (0.70 to 1.10; 6 studies, n=7645) |
No difference 0.95 (0.76 to 1.20; 6 studies, n=7645) |
Favours SAVR 1.14 (0.94 to 1.38; 5 studies, n=6177) |
Favours SAVR
1.35 (1.20 to 1.51; 3 studies, n=3481) |
| Length of hospital stay |
Favours TAVI* −3.08 days (-4.86 to −1.29; 4 studies, n=2758) |
NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Valve durability | NR | NR | NR | NR | NE† |
| Recovery time | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
| Pain | NR | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Values in bold that are coloured blue (favours TAVI) or yellow (favours SAVR) represent statistically significant (p≤0.05) results.
*Mean difference.
†Three studies reported on this outcome, but one reported zero events in both arms (ie, could not be incorporated into a RR).
NA, not applicable; NE, not estimable; NR, not reported; RR, risk ratio; SAVR, surgical aortic valve replacement; TAVI, transcatheter aortic valve implantation.