Table 4.

Results of set protocol for organism detection in patients with BCNIE in the prospective cohort

Test performed	n=28
Mycobacterium specific blood cultures positive	0
Anti-nuclear antibodies positive (ANA)	1
Serology indicating acute infection	15 (53.5%)
Bartonella species	13
Mycoplasma species	2
Blood PCR positive	1/22 (4.5%)
Mycoplasma hominis	1
Heart valve PCR positive	9/20 (45%)
Bartonella quintana	6
Bartonella henselae	1
Mycoplasma hominis	1
Alternaria species	1
Histopathological confirmed IE	20/20 (100%)
Cause identified (Mycobacterium tuberculosis)	1/20
Heart valve culture positive	0/20

BCNIE, blood culture negative infective endocarditis; IE, infective endocarditis.