Table 1.
General Characteristics of Study Participants (N=1,040)
| Variables | Categories | n (%) or M±SD | Range |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (year) | 10.3±0.10 | 10.0-11.0 | |
| Gender | Boy | ||
| Girl | |||
| 536 (51.5) | |||
| 504 (48.5) | |||
| Self-rated health | 4.2±0.73 | 1.0-5.0 | |
| Monthly household income (10,000 KRW) | 571.9±514.10 | 90-8,000 | |
| Perceived socioeconomic status | 7.2±1.82 | 1.0-10.0 | |
| Happiness | 19.9±2.76 | 6.0-24.0 | |
| Grit | 27.4±4.32 | 12.0-40.0 | |
| Maternal parenting style | Authoritative | 3.80±0.39 | 2.5-5.0 |
| Authoritarian | 2.43±0.46 | 1.3-3.9 | |
| Permissive | 2.35±0.36 | 1.3-3.8 | |
| Paternal parenting style | Authoritative | 3.68±0.44 | 2.3-4.9 |
| Authoritarian | 2.35±0.50 | 1.1-4.3 | |
| Permissive | 2.44±0.38 | 1.4-3.7 | |
| Child's health behavior | Healthy eating | 13.7±2.48 | 7.0-18.0 |
| Physical activity (≥30 min, days per week) | 3.3±1.44 | 1.0-6.0 | |
| Sedentary behavior (hr/day) | ＜2 | 585 (56.3) | |
| ≥2 | 455 (43.7) |
KRW, Korean won.