Table 1.

Characteristics of the Participants (N=1,200)

Variables	n (%) or M±SD
Gender
Male	766 (63.8)
Female	434 (36.2)
Age (year)	16.7±1.3
Age at quitting school (year)	15.4±1.7
Age at first gambling experience (year)	14.0±2.8
Type of institution
Youth support center	537 (44.8)
Juvenile shelter/alternative school	123 (10.2)
Probation center	281 (23.4)
Juvenile reformatory	259 (21.6)
Lifetime gambling experience
Yes	752 (62.7)
No	448 (37.3)
Gambling experience within 3 months
Yes	485 (40.4)
No	715 (59.6)
GPSS/CAGI score
≤1 (green light, no problem)	961 (80.1)
2~5 (yellow light, low to moderate)	129 (10.8)
≥6 (red light, high severity)	110 (9.1)
Frequency of gambling within 3 months
≤1 time per week	362 (74.7)
2~6 times per week	103 (21.2)
Everyday	20 (4.1)
Motivation for gambling* (n=473)
To win money	161 (34.1)
For excitement	203 (42.9)
Because of curiosity	86 (18.2)
To get away from negative feelings	12 (2.5)
To hang out with friends	11 (2.3)

^*Missing data were not included;

GPSS=Gambling Problem Severity Scale; CAGI=Canadian Adolescent Gambling Index.