Table 1.
Characteristics of the Included Studies (N=5)
| Authors, year | Country | Study design and setting | Sample | Instrument | Results | Rigor/relevance (H or L) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kim, Kim, & Kim, 2018 | South Korea | · | Cross-sectional, descriptive correlational design | · | N=220 (aged 10~18 years) diagnosed with a chronic disease at least 6 months and receiving medical therapy | · | Hope: the Herth Hope Index | · | Hope showed a significant positive correlation with quality of life (r=.41; p<.001) | H/H |
| · | Hospital for outpatient care | · | A convenience sample | · | Quality of life: the PedsQLTM 4.0 Generic Core Scale | · | Hope had significant direct effects and total effects on quality of life | |||
| Martins et al., 2018 | Portugal | · | Cross-sectional | · | N=211 children and adolescents diagnosed with malignant cancer, onor off-treatment status— < 5 years since the end of treatment; and without developmental disorders (e.g., Down syndrome) | · | The Children's Hope Scale | · | Children's hope was positively associated with quality of life | H/H |
| · | The oncology wards of two Portuguese public hospitals | · | 99.5% response rate | · | Short version of the DCGM-12 self-report questionnaire | · | Anxiety mediated the relation between hope and quality of life (point estimate=0.10; CI=0.06~0.16); the R2 for QOL was 0.24 in each group. | |||
| Rosenberg et al., 2018 | United States | · | Multi-center, prospective, longitudinal, mixed-methods study | · | N=37 | · | Relational hope, namely sub-scores for "agency" (capacity to create a path to one's objectives) and "pathway" (capacity to undertake and sustain actions to achieve those objectives) | · | Hope alone was associated with later QOL (Beta=0.3, 95% CI=0.10~0.60, p=.020) | H/H |
| · | Two places (Seattle Children’s Hospital and Dana-Farber/Boston Children's Hospital) | · | Ages 14~25 with newly diagnosed with non-central nervous cancer and under chemotherapy | · | Cancer-related QOL (PedsQL 3.0 Cancer Module) | |||||
| Santos et al., 2015 | Portugal | · | Cross-sectional | · | N=224 (aged 13~20 years) with cancer | · | Portuguese version of the Children's Hope Scale | · | Hope was associated with QOL (95% CI=0.01~0.07, p<.001) | H/H |
| · | Three Portuguese public hospitals | · | N=165 (aged 8~12 years) with cancer | · | Portuguese version of PedsQLTM 3.0 Cancer Module | |||||
| · | Consecutive sampling | |||||||||
| Ziadni et al., 2011 | United States | · | Cross-sectional | · | N=44 (aged 12~18) children with sickle cell disease | · | Children's Hope Scale | · | Family's total annual income was associated with hope (r=.33, p=.043). | H/H |
| · | Marian Anderson Sickle Cell Center at StChristopher's Hospital for Children | · | MPQLQ | · | Higher levels of hope and better QOL were associated with higher adaptive behaviour | |||||
CI=Confidence interval; DCGM=DISABKIDS chronic generic module; H=High; L=Low; MPQLQ= Miami pediatric quality of life questionnaire; PedsQL= Pediatric quality of life; PedsQLTM=Pediatric quality of life inventory; QOL=Quality of life.