FIGURE 1.

GPR120 actions in brown adipocytes. Fatty acids and synthetic ligands such as TUG‐891 activate the G_αq‐coupled GPR120, which stimulates anti‐inflammatory pathways, glucose uptake and leads an increase in intracellular Ca²⁺ (iCa²⁺). Increased iCa²⁺ leads to depolarisation of the mitochondria, and mitochondrial fission, which increases respiration. Activated GPR120 results in increased expression of FGF21 and microRNAs including miR‐30b and results in the elevated expression of brown fat genes. In addition, mitochondrial UCP1 is directly activated by TUG‐891, further promoting uncoupled respiration and lipid combustion. This increases nutrient requirement and leads to uptake of fatty acids (FA) from circulating triglyceride (TG)‐rich lipoproteins. Together, these GPR120‐stimulated processes result in a reduction in fat mass