Table 3.

Gastroschisis results adjusted for maternal race/ethnicity, vitamin use, BMI, education and smoking with p-value of the interaction term <0.1 (Reference=low air pollution defined by lower two tertiles of pollutant exposure during the first two months of pregnancy and wildtype defined as the homozygous genotype with the most frequent allele among controls).

Pollutanta	Gene symbol	dbSNP ID	Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)b
			High air pollution + gene variant	Low air pollution + gene variant	High air pollution + wildtype
CO	CYP1A2	rs762551	0.6 (0.1, 2.1)	1.0 (0.5, 2.3)	NC
CO	CYP2C19	rs17885098	NC	1.4 (0.5, 4.3)	0.1 (0.0, 0.5)
CO	CYP2C9	rs1057910	NC	0.9 (0.2, 3.1)	0.2 (0.1, 0.5)
CO	SLCO1B3	rs7311358	0.6 (0.2, 2.3)	1.0 (0.4, 2.4)	0.1 (0.0, 0.4)
NO	ABCC2	rs717620	0.3 (0.1, 1.5)	2.4 (1.0, 5.7)	1.1 (0.5, 2.4)
NO	NAT2	rs1799929	1.0 (0.3, 2.8)	0.6 (0.3, 1.4)	0.2 (0.1, 0.7)
NO	NAT2	rs1801280	0.8 (0.3, 2.4)	0.5 (0.2, 1.3)	0.2 (0.1, 0.7)
NO	SLCO1B1	rs4149056	2.4 (0.6, 10.4)	0.8 (0.3, 2.2)	0.4 (0.2, 1.0)
NO2	CYP1A2	rs762551	0.9 (0.3, 2.3)	0.9 (0.5, 1.9)	0.3 (0.1, 0.8)
NO2	SLCO1B1	rs4149056	1.7 (0.5, 6.1)	0.6 (0.3, 1.5)	0.4 (0.2, 0.8)
NO2	UGT2B15	rs1902023	0.3 (0.1, 0.8)	0.3 (0.2, 0.7)	0.2 (0.1, 0.7)
PM10	CYP1A1	rs1048943	2.1 (0.8, 5.7)	0.9 (0.4, 2.0)	0.6 (0.2, 1.3)
PM10	CYP1A2	rs2069514	1.3 (0.5, 3.7)	0.4 (0.2, 1.0)	0.5 (0.2, 1.2)
PM10	TPMT	rs1800460	NC	6.7 (1.9, 24.2)	1.4 (0.7, 2.7)
PM2.5	CYP1A2	rs762551	1.9 (0.7, 5.6)	0.7 (0.3, 1.6)	0.3 (0.1, 0.9)
PM2.5	CYP2C19	rs17885098	NC	1.2 (0.3, 4.9)	0.6 (0.3, 1.4)
PM2.5	CYP2C8	rs11572080	NC	1.3 (0.4, 4.2)	1.2 (0.5, 2.5)
PM2.5	SLCO1B1	rs4149056	3.7 (0.8, 17.7)	0.6 (0.2, 1.5)	0.6 (0.3, 1.3)

^aHighest tertile cut-offs: CO= 0.730 ppm; NO=15.15 ppb; NO=20.15 ppb; PM10=38.80 μg/m³; PM2.5=19.86 μg/m³

^bAdjusted for maternal race/ethnicity, education, BMI, folate-containing vitamin use and smoking in early pregnancy

NC = not calculated (when case or control counts were <3); rows were removed if two estimates were NC