Table 2.
Polysomnographic data analysis among non-OSA, OSA, and OSA-HTN.
| Non-OSA (n = 12) |
OSA (n = 27) |
OSA-HTN (n = 33) |
F value | P value | Post-hoc test | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P value | ||||||||
| Non-OSA vs. OSA | Non-OSA vs. OSA-HTN | OSA vs. OSA-HTN | ||||||
| Total sleep time (min) | 394.23 ± 79.11 | 409.43 ± 106.39 | 420.27 ± 89.03 | 0.330 | 0.720 | NAa | NA | NA |
| N1 sleep stage (%) | 26.85 ± 15.03 | 52.61 ± 18.04 | 49.03 ± 17.32 | 9.330 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.476 |
| N2 sleep stage (%) | 34.68 ± 17.29 | 21.48 ± 12.09 | 25.11 ± 11.51 | 4.486 | 0.015 | 0.004 | 0.030 | 0.254 |
| N3 sleep stage (%) | 19.53 ± 6.34 | 8.65 ± 7.76 | 10.77 ± 8.49 | 8.035 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.002 | 0.294 |
| NREM sleep stage (%) | 81.04 ± 10.72 | 82.78 ± 14.59 | 84.93 ± 9.32 | 0.657 | 0.522 | NA | NA | NA |
| REM sleep stage (%) | 18.96 ± 10.72 | 17.22 ± 14.59 | 15.07 ± 9.32 | 0.657 | 0.522 | NA | NA | NA |
| Sleep efficiency (%) | 72.55 ± 10.93 | 73.43 ± 17.61 | 75.25 ± 12.87 | 0.152 | 0.859 | NA | NA | NA |
| Sleep latency (min) | 29.41 ± 26.84 | 21.73 ± 29.01 | 28.26 ± 32.95 | 0.332 | 0.718 | NA | NA | NA |
| Wake after sleep onset | 118.03 ± 58.77 | 125.74 ± 84.63 | 111.3 ± 67.15 | 0.087 | 0.917 | NA | NA | NA |
| Arousal index(events/h) | 3.21 ± 1.42 | 3.56 ± 3.64 | 2.77 ± 2.16 | 0.322 | 0.726 | NA | NA | NA |
| Arousal index in REM | 35.15 ± 14.54 | 44.63 ± 21.41 | 45.95 ± 18.74 | 1.681 | 0.194 | NA | NA | NA |
| Arousal index in NREM | 33.83 ± 11.13 | 59.35 ± 16.69 | 65.52 ± 18.95 | 8.092 | 0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.189 |
| Total sleep arousal index | 34.52 ± 11.18 | 59.19 ± 16.26 | 63.6 ± 17.65 | 14.302 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.318 |
| Apnea-hypopnea index (events/h) | 1.90 ± 1.4 | 53.78 ± 17.90 | 58.99 ± 19.81 | 52.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.447 |
| Obstructive apnea index (events/h) | 0.61 ± 0.75 | 29.29 ± 17.59 | 31.96 ± 22.37 | 12.944 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.659 |
| Central apnea index (events/h) | 0.13 ± 0.19 | 3.06 ± 5.87 | 2.70 ± 3.51 | 2.084 | 0.132 | NA | NA | NA |
| Mixed apnea index (events/h) | 0.06 ± 0.12 | 4.30 ± 6.71 | 4.64 ± 6.05 | 2.991 | 0.057 | NA | NA | NA |
| Hypopnea index (events/h) | 1.10 ± 1.08 | 17.10 ± 11.47 | 19.69 ± 12.97 | 12.545 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.566 |
| Oxygen desaturation index (events/h) | 1.52 ± 1.48 | 49.97 ± 18.95 | 55.6 ± 18.53 | 49.580 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.443 |
| Lowest oxygen saturation (%) | 90.00 ± 4.11 | 72.22 ± 9.19 | 70.88 ± 9.43 | 25.112 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | 0.915 |
| Average oxygen saturation (%) | 95.92 ± 1.51 | 92.59 ± 2.94 | 91.48 ± 3.43 | 9.624 | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.277 |
| Mean heart rate | 60.67 ± 8.91 | 67.22 ± 9.28 | 68.70 ± 12.1 | 2.494 | 0.090 | NA | NA | NA |
| Arrhythmia index (events/h) | 7.95 ± 16.36 | 17.89 ± 50.59 | 9.35 ± 25.60 | 0.618 | 0.542 | NA | NA | NA |
| Maximum heart rate | 96.67 ± 16.59 | 104.26 ± 13.97 | 101.91 ± 12.92 | 1.159 | 0.320 | NA | NA | NA |
| Minimum heart rate | 51.25 ± 7.66 | 53.22 ± 8.05 | 51.52 ± 7.80 | 0.453 | 0.637 | NA | NA | NA |
| Blood pressure elevation index (events/h) | 4.94 ± 5.19 | 29.61 ± 21.12 | 35.30 ± 26.19 | 8.405 | 0.001 | 0.002 | <0.001 | 0.446 |
| The highest systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 140.67 ± 23.60 | 185.48 ± 42.82 | 199.88 ± 37.85 | 11.020 | <0.001 | 0.001 | <0.001 | 0.287 |
| Average systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111.67 ± 16.29 | 119.85 ± 15.48 | 141.97 ± 21.97 | 15.339 | <0.001 | 0.211 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Average diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75.58 ± 10.39 | 82.78 ± 8.22 | 96.48 ± 12.57 | 20.529 | <0.001 | 0.064 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
aNot analyzed. Non-OSA: apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ≤5 without hypertension, OSA: severe OSA (AHI ≥30) without hypertension, and OSA-HTN: severe OSA with hypertension. P values < 0.05 were considered significant.