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. 2021 Dec 7;11:23549. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-02729-7

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effect of NMac1 and NMac24 on 3D spheroid cell proliferation. (a) Representative images and (b) relative volume of three-dimensional (3D) spheroid cell proliferation. MDA-MB-231 cells were seeded in 2.5% matrigel, then after initiation, NMac1 and NMac24 were treated. Each spheroid size was measured after 2 weeks of chemical treatment. Error bars represent SD (n = 3). (c) Cell index using xCELLigence RTCA and (d) relative volume of 3D spheroids were measured after indicated concentrations of chemical treatment under glucose starvation for 48 h and 2 weeks, respectively. Error bars represent SD (n = 3). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. (e) Scheme of NMacs’ action on anti-proliferation. NMacs represent NMac1 and NMac24.