Table 2.
Vital signs and laboratory results of MIS-C cohort at admission and at respective peaks.
| All (274) | PICU (23) | Non-PICU (251) | P | P|Age | P|Sex | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CRT > 2 s adm | 30 (13%) | 8 (40%) | 22 (11%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| CRT max > 2 s | 32 (15%) | 10 (56%) | 22 (11%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Saturation adm [%] | 98.0 (96.0–99.0) | 97.0 (95.0–98.0) | 98.0 (96.0–99.0) | 0.09 | 0.08 | 0.09 |
| Saturation min [%] | 96.0 (92.0–98.0) | 92.0 (89.8–97.0) | 96.0 (93.0–98.0) | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.02 |
| Respiratory rate adm [1/min] | 20.0 (18.0–25.0) | 30.0 (20.0–45.0) | 20.0 (18.0–25.0) | 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Respiratory rate max [1/min] | 25.0 (20.0–30.0) | 40.0 (30.0–49.5) | 24.0 (20.0–30.0) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Heart rate adm [1/min] | 120.0 (100.0–133.0) | 127.0 (110.0–140.0) | 120.0 (100.0–133.0) | 0.3 | 0.08 | 0.2 |
| Heart rate max [1/min] | 132.5 (118.0–150.0) | 135.0 (120.0–160.0) | 132.0 (118.0–146.5) | 0.2 | 0.06 | 0.2 |
| SBP adm [mmHg] | 100.0 (90.0–110.0) | 89.0 (78.8–99.5) | 100.0 (91.0–110.0) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| SBP min [mmHg] | 88.0 (78.0–96.0) | 74.0 (62.5–82.5) | 89.0 (80.0–96.8) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Non-alert AVPU adm | 17 (6%) | 5 (22%) | 12 (5%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Non-alert AVPU min | 38 (15%) | 8 (44%) | 30 (13%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| WBC adm [/l] | 9.6 (6.6–13.3) | 11.6 (7.1-19.1) | 9.6 (6.6-12.8) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| WBC min [/l] | 6.7 (5.0–9.0) | 6.0 (5.3–9.2) | 6.7 (5.0–9.0) | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| WBC max [/l] | 14.5 (10.9–19.7) | 19.8 (13.1–28.4) | 14.3 (10.5–19.1) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Lymphocytes adm [/l] | 1.0 (0.7–1.8) | 0.8 (0.6–1.0) | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) | 0.05 | 0.3 | 0.05 |
| Lymphocytes min [/l] | 1.0 (0.6–1.8) | 0.6 (0.5–0.9) | 1.0 (0.6–1.8) | < 0.01 | 0.07 | < 0.01 |
| Hemoglobin adm [g/dl] | 11.7 (10.7–12.7) | 11.1 (10.3–12.1) | 11.8 (10.7–12.7) | 0.1 | 0.02 | 0.1 |
| Hemoglobin min [g/dl] | 10.3 (9.4–11.2) | 9.7 (8.8–10.7) | 10.3 (9.4–11.2) | 0.06 | < 0.01 | 0.05 |
| Platelets adm [/l] | 176.0 (127.0–248.0) | 153.0 (121.0–187.5) | 178.0 (128.5–255.8) | 0.08 | 0.1 | 0.07 |
| Platelets min [/l] | 160.0 (109.8–230.8) | 135.5 (93.8–182.5) | 163.5 (111.0–243.2) | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.06 |
| CRP adm [mg/l] | 140.0 (83.7–194.9) | 242.0 (123.3–289.0) | 133.4 (78.8–187.2) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| CRP max [mg/l] | 166.3 (94.4—242.1) | 264.6 (206.7–309.4) | 161.4 (93.3–226.2) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Procalcitonin adm [ng/ml] | 2.5 (1.0–6.9) | 13.2 (2.1–51.2) | 2.3 (0.9–6.2) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Procalcitonin max [ng/ml] | 4.3 (1.3–12.9) | 17.0 (10.2–30.7) | 3.5 (1.2–10.0) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| ESR adm [mm] | 44.0 (31.0–66.0) | 78.5 (73.0–81.2) | 44.0 (30.0–65.0) | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| ESR max [mm] | 57.0 (37.8–80.0) | 77.0 (52.5–82.5) | 55.0 (37.0–78.0) | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
| Ferritin adm [ng/ml] | 331.0 (197.9–622.4) | 671.0 (475.9–1052.8) | 317.1 (186.2–533.8) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Ferritin max [ng/ml] | 402.2 (217.9–672.2) | 671.0 (559.2–1113.4) | 367.9 (207.3–616.5) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Triglycerides adm [mg/dl] | 147.0 (123.0–218.9) | 181.0 (148.5–266.5) | 145.0 (119.0–213.0) | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.05 |
| Triglycerides max [mg/dl] | 172.5 (129.0–256.2) | 194.0 (169.0–359.0) | 167.0 (125.0–246.0) | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.07 |
| D-dimers adm [mg/l] | 2.6 (1.5–4.6) | 3.9 (2.5–5.7) | 2.5 (1.4–4.4) | 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| D-dimers max [mg/l] | 3.8 (2.0–6.3) | 5.7 (3.6–8.2) | 3.7 (2.0–6.2) | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.02 |
| AlAT adm [U/l] | 24.0 (16.0–40.1) | 35.0 (16.0–92.0) | 23.0 (15.5–40.0) | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
| AlAT max [U/l] | 33.3 (21.0–65.8) | 55.0 (32.0–122.0) | 33.0 (20.0–59.2) | < 0.01 | 0.03 | < 0.01 |
| AST adm [U/l] | 32.1 (25.0–51.5) | 37.0 (25.0–59.0) | 32.0 (24.5–51.0) | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| AST max [U/l] | 43.0 (30.0–65.0) | 57.0 (44.0–108.0) | 42.0 (30.0–63.5) | < 0.01 | 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| CK adm [U/l] | 51.0 (37.0–92.0) | 22.4 (13.2–30.9) | 52.0 (38.0–93.0) | 0.01 | < 0.01 | 0.02 |
| CK max [U/l] | 51.0 (37.0–85.0) | 27.9 (24.0–38.0) | 56.5 (37.2–92.8) | 0.01 | < 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Sodium adm [mmol/l] | 135.0 (132.0–137.0) | 134.0 (132.0–137.8) | 135.0 (132.0–137.0) | 1 | 0.9 | 0.8 |
| Sodium min [mmol/l] | 133.6 (131.0–135.9) | 133.0 (130.0–135.0) | 133.8 (131.0–135.9) | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
| Albumins adm [g/dl] | 3.3 (2.8–3.7) | 2.8 (2.4–3.4) | 3.3 (2.8–3.7) | 0.02 | < 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Albumins min [g/dl] | 2.8 (2.5–3.3) | 2.5 (2.3–2.7) | 2.8 (2.5–3.3) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Troponin elevated adm | 62 (28%) | 17 (77%) | 45 (22%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Troponin elevated max | 92 (51%) | 18 (86%) | 74 (47%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| BNP/NT-proBNP elevated adm | 171 (86%) | 16 (89%) | 155 (85%) | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
| BNP/NT-proBNP elevated max | 204 (91%) | 20 (100%) | 184 (90%) | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
| eGFR adm [ml/min/1.73 m] | 110.1 (86.2–134.3) | 77.1 (50.8–89.5) | 113.1 (90.5–134.8) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| eGFR min [ml/min/1.73 m] | 104.9 (82.0–126.6) | 73.0 (45.4–88.0) | 107.4 (85.4–128.8) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
Binary data given as count (per-cent), and numerical data as median (interquartile range). Values at admission are marked with adm, lowest obtained with min, while highest with max. Troponin is considered elevated at > 50 ng/l, while BNP/NT-proBNP at > 150 ng/ml.
AlAT, alanine transaminase, AST, aspartate transaminase, AVPU AVPU scale, BNP/NT-proBNP brain natriuretic peptide or N-terminal-pro-BNP, CK creatinine kinase, CRT capillary refill time, CRP, C-reactive protein, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, MIS-C multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, NT-proBNP N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide, PICU, pediatric intensive care unit, SBP systolic blood pressure, WBC white blood cell count, P|Age age-adjusted p-value, P|Sex sex-adjusted p-value.