Table 3.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of MIS-C cohort respective of age.
| All (274) | 0–5 y.o. (64) | 5–12 y.o. (140) | 12–18 y.o. (70) | P | P|Sex | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male sex | 171 (62%) | 30 (47%) | 91 (65%) | 50 (71%) | < 0.01 | – |
| Symptoms and signs | ||||||
| Fever length | 7.0 (6.0–9.0) | 7.0 (6.0–8.0) | 7.5 (6.0–9.0) | 7.0 (6.0–9.0) | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Mucocutaneous and lymph nodes | 262 (97%) | 59 (95%) | 138 (99%) | 65 (94%) | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Rash | 218 (83%) | 53 (84%) | 118 (87%) | 47 (71%) | 0.02 | 0.03 |
| Conjunctivitis | 207 (78%) | 47 (76%) | 109 (81%) | 51 (75%) | 0.6 | 0.5 |
| Hands/feet swelling or erythema | 142 (55%) | 39 (64%) | 75 (56%) | 28 (45%) | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Oral inflammation | 173 (66%) | 43 (68%) | 96 (72%) | 34 (52%) | 0.02 | 0.02 |
| Cervical lymphadenopathy | 98 (38%) | 30 (48%) | 46 (36%) | 22 (32%) | 0.1 | 0.06 |
| Gastrointestinal | 250 (93%) | 56 (90%) | 132 (95%) | 62 (90%) | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Abdominal pain | 222 (85%) | 42 (76%) | 120 (88%) | 60 (87%) | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Nausea | 162 (62%) | 28 (47%) | 100 (75%) | 34 (51%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Diarrhea | 164 (62%) | 36 (59%) | 84 (61%) | 44 (65%) | 0.8 | 1 |
| Lower respiratory | 128 (50%) | 23 (40%) | 64 (48%) | 41 (63%) | 0.04 | 0.04 |
| Chest pain | 48 (19%) | 3 (6%) | 19 (14%) | 26 (39%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Cough | 74 (28%) | 17 (28%) | 33 (25%) | 24 (35%) | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| Breathing effort | 63 (24%) | 8 (13%) | 36 (27%) | 19 (28%) | 0.08 | 0.1 |
| Neurological | 212 (82%) | 52 (84%) | 109 (81%) | 51 (80%) | 0.8 | 0.9 |
| Lethargy | 151 (59%) | 36 (61%) | 88 (66%) | 27 (44%) | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Irritability | 108 (42%) | 40 (65%) | 52 (39%) | 16 (25%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Headache | 112 (46%) | 16 (32%) | 67 (51%) | 29 (47%) | 0.07 | 0.04 |
| Meningeal signs | 27 (10%) | 6 (10%) | 15 (11%) | 6 (9%) | 0.9 | 0.8 |
| Cardiovascular | 139 (58%) | 16 (33%) | 79 (63%) | 44 (69%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Hypotension | 99 (41%) | 7 (14%) | 57 (46%) | 35 (51%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Coronary dilation or aneurysm | 21 (8%) | 6 (11%) | 10 (7%) | 5 (8%) | 0.8 | 0.5 |
| EF < 55% | 58 (23%) | 3 (5%) | 31 (23%) | 24 (39%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| Musculo-osteoarticular | 111 (44%) | 17 (32%) | 58 (44%) | 36 (55%) | 0.04 | 0.03 |
| Muscle pain | 103 (41%) | 15 (29%) | 53 (40%) | 35 (54%) | 0.02 | 0.01 |
| Arthralgia | 50 (19%) | 6 (10%) | 29 (21%) | 15 (24%) | 0.1 | 0.08 |
| Arthritis | 12 (5%) | 1 (2%) | 6 (4%) | 5 (8%) | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| Clinical presentation | ||||||
| KD or aKD | 170 (67%) | 43 (70%) | 94 (71%) | 33 (54%) | 0.06 | 0.08 |
| KD | 105 (42%) | 29 (48%) | 57 (44%) | 19 (31%) | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| MAS | 59 (22%) | 4 (6%) | 30 (22%) | 25 (36%) | < 0.01 | < 0.01 |
| DIC | 42 (17%) | 5 (9%) | 22 (17%) | 15 (22%) | 0.1 | 0.06 |
Binary data given as count (per-cent), and numerical data as median (interquartile range).
BMI body mass index, DIC disseminated intravascular coagulation, EF ejection fraction, KD Kawasaki disease, MAS macrophage activation syndrome, MIS-C multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children, y.o. years old, P|Sex sex-adjusted p-value. Hypotension defined as minimal SBP in mmHg less than age in years or 90 for children over 10 years old.