Table 2.
Factors of depression by using Cox regression.
| Variables | Oral cancer versus non-cancer | |
|---|---|---|
| Crude HR (95% CI) | Adjusted HR (95% CI) | |
| Oral cancer (vs Non-cancer) | 2.181 (1.637–2.906)** | 2.224 (1.641–3.013)** |
| Male (vs Female) | 0.688 (0.481–0.983)* | 0.687 (0.474–0.993)* |
| Age (vs 20–29 years old) | ||
| 30–39 | 1.710 (0.647–4.520) | 1.648 (0.618–4.393) |
| 40–49 | 1.171 (0.461–2.974) | 1.205 (0.469–3.095) |
| 50–59 | 0.841 (0.335–2.107) | 0.870 (0.341–2.215) |
| 60–69 | 0.565 (0.222–1.438) | 0.589 (0.228–1.523) |
| ≧ 70 | 0.681 (0.273–1.697) | 0.679 (0.267–1.727) |
| Insured premium (vs < 18,000 NT$) | ||
| 18,000–34,999 | 0.921 (0.295–2.879) | 0.971 (0.309–3.049) |
| DM (vs without) | 0.648 (0.438–0.958)* | 0.79 (0.525–1.188) |
| Hyperlipidemia (vs without) | 0.435 (0.162–1.169) | 0.428 (0.155–1.180) |
| Hypertension (vs without) | 0.750 (0.538–1.045) | 1.017 (0.709–1.457) |
| Alcohol abuse (vs without) | 8.012 (4.109–15.625)** | 10.63 (5.32–21.26)** |
| Stroke (vs without) | 1.238 (0.833–1.841) | 1.567 (1.034–2.375)* |
| COPD (vs without) | 0.943 (0.575–1.548) | 1.003 (0.597–1.686) |
| IHD (vs without) | 0.757 (0.473–1.213) | 1.108 (0.680–1.808) |
| Renal disease (vs without) | 0.413 (0.183–0.930)* | 0.519 (0.228–1.180) |
| Anxiety (vs without) | 5.180 (1.657–16.193)* | 5.978 (1.861–19.20)** |
| Sleep disorder (vs without) | 4.209 (2.077–8.530)** | 3.109 (1.497–6.457)** |
| Location (vs Northern Taiwan) | ||
| Middle Taiwan | 0.981 (0.698–1.380) | Had collinearity with urbanization level |
| Southern Taiwan | 0.909 (0.635–1.30) | |
| Eastern Taiwan | 2.048 (1.365–3.071)* | |
| Outlets islands | 1.097 (0.153–7.893) | |
| Urbanization level (vs level 4, lowest) | ||
| 1 (The highest) | 0.800 (0.553–1.159) | 0.859 (0.564–1.307) |
| 2 | 0.790 (0.560–1.113) | 0.889 (0.617–1.281) |
| 3 | 0.562 (0.293–1.080) | 0.590 (0.306–1.137) |
| Level of care (vs Local hospital) | ||
| Hospital center | 0.683 (0.486–0.961)* | 0.573 (0.384–0.855)* |
| Regional hospital | 0.684 (0.495–0.945)* | 0.697 (0.500–0.973)* |
| Length of days | 1.021 (1.013–1.029)** | 1.014 (1.006–1.022)** |
| Medical cost (NT$) | 1.000 (1.000–1.001)* | Had collinearity with length of days |
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, Adjusted HR adjusted variables listed in the Table 1.
NT$ New Taiwan Dollars, DM diabetes mellitus, HTN hypertension, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, IHD ischemic heart disease.
*The pair of subsets showed a significant difference at p < 0.05.
**The pair of subsets showed a significant difference at p < 0.001.