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. 2021 Dec 7;4:1366. doi: 10.1038/s42003-021-02896-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — Pharmacological therapy including drugs and insulin as well as non-pharmacological therapy including diet, cell transplantation, and exercise are recommended to improve GV. MAGE mean amplitude of glycemic excursion, MODD mean of daily differences, GLP-1 glucagon-like peptide-1, DPP4 dipeptidyl peptidase 4, ICT islet cell transplantation, SDBG standard deviation of blood glucose.