Table 3. Postoperative outcomes.

Values are presented as number only, mean ± SD (range), or number (%).

SILA, single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy; NASILA, needle grasper-assisted single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy; SD, standard deviation; NPIS, numerical pain intensity scale; IPOP, immediate postoperative; POD, postoperative day; PCA, patient-controlled analgesia; OPD, outpatient department; NRS, numerical rating scale; CD, Clavien-Dindo classification.

Details of postoperative complications: 9 fever (CD I) in SILA group; 15 fever (CD I), 1 skin eruption (CD II), 1 arrhythmia (CD II), 1 urinary retention (CD II) in the NASILA group.

^a)Fisher exact test.