Table 1.
Demographic and substance-use measures.
| Overall N = 292 | African American |
Caucasian |
Effect(s) | F or χ [2] | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI<25 n = 94 | BMI>25 n = 83 | BMI<25 n = 71 | BMI>25 n = 44 | |||||
| Demographics | ||||||||
| Sex (% male) | 76% | 74% | 72% | 77% | 84% | – | – | – |
| Age (yrs) | 42.4 (9.6) |
47.0 (6.7) |
45.2 (7.3) |
36.5 (10.0) |
37.1 (10.5) |
Race | 83.05 | .000 |
| Education (yrs) | 12.5 (1.6) |
12.3 (1.5) |
12.5 (1.6) |
12.2 (1.4) |
13.0 (2.1) |
BMI | 5.88 | .016 |
| Urine drug screen (% positive) | ||||||||
| Cocaine | 53% | 59% | 57% | 49% | 41% | (Race) | 3.80 | .051 |
| Opioids | 66% | 57% | 47% | 93% | 80% | Race, BMI |
39.99 6.97 |
.000 .008 |
| THC | 30% | 36% | 24% | 30% | 32% | – | – | – |
| BZD | 12% | 15% | 6% | 15% | 14% | – | – | – |
| Tobacco use | ||||||||
| Years regular use | 16.7 (6.7) |
16.6 (7.5) |
18.7 (6.6) |
16.9 (5.5) |
15.4 (7.3) |
Race * BMI | 4.75 | .030 |
| Current average daily intake (# cigarettes) | 12.9 (9.3) |
10.1 (7.7) |
10.1 (8.1) |
18.8 (10.2) |
14.6 (7.7) |
Race, BMI, Race * BMI |
39.76 3.09 3.89 |
.000 .049 .050 |
| # days use past week | 6.1 (2.1) |
5.8 (2.4) |
5.8 (2.4) |
6.7 (1.2) |
6.2 (2.1) |
Race | 6.35 | .012 |
| # days use past month | 25.9 (9.1) |
24.6 (10.1) |
25.1 (9.8) |
28.3 (6.0) |
26.4 (9.4) |
Race | 5.12 | .024 |
| Alcohol use | ||||||||
| Years regular use | 14.6 (9.7) |
15.4 (10.7) |
17.3 (9.5) |
12.2 (8.4) |
11.7 (8.6) |
Race | 14.43 | .000 |
| Current average daily intake (# drinks) | 1.5 (2.7) | 2.1 (3.6) |
1.8 (2.4) |
0.6 (1.4) |
1.4 (2.6) |
Race | 8.81 | .003 |
| # days use past week | 1.2 (1.9) |
1.7 (2.1) |
1.6 (1.9) |
0.4 (0.9) |
0.9 (1.8) |
Race | 21.00 | .000 |
| # days use past month | 4.7 (7.3) |
6.7 (8.7) |
6.1 (8.0) |
1.5 (3.5) |
3.0 (5.2) |
Race | 23.97 | .000 |
| Cannabis use | ||||||||
| Years of regular use | 12.9 (7.7) |
13.0 (7.7) |
13.8 (8.6) |
11.6 (6.8) |
12.9 (6.8) |
– | – | – |
| Current average daily intake (# use episodes) | 1.1 (2.8) |
1.3 (2.7) |
0.8 (1.5) |
1.1 (4.3) |
1.0 (1.8) |
– | – | – |
| # days use past week | 1.0 (1.9) |
1.0 (1.7) |
1.3 (2.1) |
0.8 (1.8) |
1.0 (1.7) |
– | – | – |
| # days use past month | 4.0 (7.8) |
3.9 (7.4) |
4.5 (8.4) |
3.3 (7.7) |
4.2 (7.9) |
– | – | – |
| Cocaine use | ||||||||
| Years regular use | 13.3 (10.3) |
15.0 (9.8) |
14.8 (9.7) |
10.3 (10.3) |
11.5 (11.3) |
Race | 10.58 | .001 |
| Current average daily intake (# use episodes) | 2.6 (3.4) |
2.7 (2.6) |
3.3 (4.2) |
1.7 (3.4) |
2.0 (2.9) |
Race | 8.06 | .005 |
| # days use past week | 2.5 (2.5) |
3.2 (2.7) |
2.8 (2.4) |
1.8 (2.3) |
1.8 (2.4) |
Race | 15.76 | .000 |
| # days use past month | 10.4 (10.6) |
12.7 (10.8) |
12.0 (10.5) |
7.3 (10.3) |
7.8 (9.5) |
Race | 14.39 | .000 |
| Heroin use | ||||||||
| Years regular use | 10.4 (11.4) |
13.7 (13.9) |
7.8 (10.4) |
10.0 (9.1) |
8.6 (9.0) |
BMI | 7.08 | .008 |
| Current average daily intake (# use episodes) | 3.0 (3.4) |
2.7 (3.4) |
2.1 (3.1) |
3.8 (2.9) |
4.1 (4.2) |
Race | 13.99 | .000 |
| # days use past week | 4.5 (3.2) |
4.0 (3.2) |
3.0 (3.3) |
6.2 (2.0) |
5.7 (2.7) |
Race, BMI |
46.40 4.01 |
.000 .046 |
| # days use past month | 15.8 (13.9) |
13.1 (13.8) |
9.8 (13.0) |
22.3 (11.9) |
22.7 (12.1) |
Race | 50.05 | .000 |
Table cells present mean (SD) or percentage; Abbreviations: BMI = body mass index. THC = tetrahydrocannabinol. BZD = benzodiazepines.