Table 3.

Bone parameters (μCT) in male Sprague-Dawley rats after 24 or 74 days.

	Whey 24 d	Soy 24 d	p -value	Whey 74 d	Soy 74 d	p -value
	(n = 6)	(n = 6)		(n = 7)	(n = 8)
			Soy vs. Whey			Soy vs. Whey
(A) Full humerus length (mm)	22.55 ± 0.38	23.55 ± 0.37	0.001	28.37 ± 0.75	28.59 ± 0.37	0.49
% BV/TV	70 ± 6	65 ± 5	0.14	71 ± 1	66 ± 1	0.002
Volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) [mg HA/ccm]	354.57 ± 74.48	367.73 ± 56.58	0.74	651.98 ± 19.22	586.08 ± 37.53	0.011
(B) Cortical bone parameters
Tt.Ar (mm2)	3.88 ± 0.23	4.46 ± 0.38	0.012	6.04 ± 0.50	5.85 ± 0.58	0.49
Ct.Ar (mm2)	2.46 ± 0.63	2.99 ± 0.47	0.13	4.7 ± 0.33	4.19 ± 0.36	0.017
Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar	0.63 ± 0.14	0.67 ± 0.09	0.56	0.78 ± 0.03	0.72 ± 0.02	0.001
Ct.Th (mm)	0.4 ± 0.16	0.47 ± 0.12	0.39	0.65 ± 0.02	0.59 ± 0.04	0.007
Dia.Dia (mm)	2.22 ± 0.07	2.38 ± 0.10	0.01	2.77 ± 0.11	2.73 ± 0.14	0.49
Med.Dia (mm)	1.33 ± 0.23	1.36 ± 0.18	0.80	1.3 ± 0.12	1.45 ± 0.11	0.03
(B1) MOI parameters
I min (mm4)	0.9 ± 0.21	1.26 ± 0.28	0.03	2.49 ± 0.43	2.2 ± 0.34	0.15
Polar (mm4)	2.06 ± 0.45	2.88 ± 0.58	0.02	5.77 ± 0.86	5.26 ± 1	0.3
Areal (mm3)	0.87 ± 0.18	1.12 ± 0.15	0.03	1.82 ± 0.20	1.73 ± 0.21	0.41
(C) Trabecular bone parameters
Tb.BV/TV	0.23 ± 0.13	0.25 ± 0.07	0.72	0.25 ± 0.06	0.22 ± 0.03	0.27
Tb.Th (mm)	0.1 ± 0.03	0.11 ± 0.01	0.84	0.1 ± 0.01	0.11 ± 0.004	0.35
Tb.N (mm−1)	1.79 ± 0.49	1.93 ± 0.25	0.56	1.88 ± 0.83	1.62 ± 0.37	0.46
Tb.Sp (mm)	0.65 ± 0.12	0.60 ± 0.06	0.37	0.68 ± 0.27	0.72 ± 0.15	0.75

All values are mean ± SD. Bone length and cortical thickness and BV/TV of the distal bone were significantly different between the two diets. BV/TV, Bone volume/total volume; vBMD, bone volumetric bone mineral density; Tt.Ar, total area; Ct.Ar, cortical area; Ct.Ar/Tt.Ar, cortical area fraction; Ct.Th, cortical thickness; Dia.Dia, diaphyseal diameter; Med. Dia, medullary diameter; MOI, moment of inertia; I min, Minimum moment of inertia; Tb. Th, trabecular thickness; Tb.N, trabecular number; Tb.Sp, trabecular separation.