TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of studies included in the network meta-analysis.
| Included studies | Sample size | Sex | Age | NYHA class (II-IV) | Intervention arm | Control arm | Course | Outcomes |
| (E/C) | (M/F) | (E/C) | (E/C) | (E) | (C) | (days) | ||
| Hu et al. (2009) | 31/32 | 24/39 | 72.94 ± 7.58/76.43 ± 4.88 | 0,20,11/0,22,10 | Shenfu injection 40 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 7 | ②③ |
| Xian et al. (2016) | 114/114 | 137/91 | 68.95 ± 9.91/68.12 ± 8.88 | 55,50,9/56,43,15 | Shenmai injection 100 ml ivgtt qd 20–40 drops per minute + CT | placebo + CT | 7 | ②③⑤⑥ |
| Xin and Shan (2012) | 28/28 | 31/26 | 58.9 ± 8.7/59.6 ± 9.2 | 5,14,9/6,18,4 | Shengmai injection 40 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 7 | ①③ |
| Zhu and Han (2014) | 50/50 | 59/41 | 66.2 ± 11.41/68.98 ± 10.28 | 3,47,10 | Yiqi Fumai Lyophilized Injection 5.2 g ivgtt qd 20 drops per minute + CT | CT | 14 | ①② |
| Feng (2013) | 27/24 | NR | 56–86 | 12,12,3/10,12,2 | Yiqi Fumai Lyophilized Injection 5.2 g ivgtt qd 30 drops per minute + CT | CT | 14 | ①③⑤ |
| Yuan and Du (2012) | 82/80 | 120/42 | 45–98 | NR | Yiqi Fumai injection 5.2 g ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 10 | ②③⑥ |
| Pan et al. (2005) | 30/30 | 40/20 | 51–79 | 0,44,18 | Shengmai injection 100 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ① |
| Wang et al. (2019) | 74/70 | 43/37 | 68.58 ± 8.42/68.14 ± 8.73 | 20,12,8/17,13,10 | Shenfu injection 50 ml ivgtt qd + CT | placebo + CT | 7 ± 1 | ①② |
| Xu and Cao (2019) | 57/51 | 49/59 | 61.39 ± 5.73/60.28 ± 6.41 | 19,38,0/17,34,0 | Xinmailong injection 5 mg/kg ivgtt bid + CT | CT | 7 | ①③④ |
| Wu et al. (2017) | 48/42 | 59/31 | 54.05 ± 3.96/56.13 ± 4.87 | NR | Xinmailong injection 5 mg/kg ivgtt bid 20–40 drops per minute + CT | CT | 10 | ③⑤⑥ |
| Shi et al. (2016) | 58/58 | 57/59 | 56.2 ± 8.74/55.6 ± 9.18 | NR | Xinmailong injection 5 mg/kg ivgtt bid 20–40 drops per minute + CT | CT | 5 | ③⑤ |
| Shen et al. (2017) | 58/58 | 70/46 | 62.8 ± 7.1/61.6 ± 7.8 | 7,42,9/8,40,10 | Xinmailong injection 4 ml ivgtt bid + CT | CT | 14 | ①③④⑥ |
| Li et al. (2016a) | 36/36 | 38/34 | 70.2 ± 2.9/71.3 ± 1.2 | NR | Xinmailong injection 5 mg/kg ivgtt bid + CT | CT | 5 | ①④ |
| Ji (2019) | 45/45 | 53/37 | 65.48 ± 5.1/65.05 ± 5.02 | 15,30,0/16,29,0 | Xinmailong injection 4 ml ivgtt bid 20–40 drops per minute + CT | CT | 14 | ①④ |
| Gong et al. (2018) | 45/45 | 56/34 | 68.61 ± 5.12/63.11 ± 1.45 | NR | Xinmailong injection 5 mg/kg ivgtt bid + CT | CT | 14 | ②③ |
| Wu and Huang (2012) | 45/30 | 38/37 | 70.98 ± 11.24/66.07 ± 11.74 | 0,25,20/0,17,13 | Shenfu injection 60 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ①③ |
| He (2016) | 45/45 | 59/31 | 61.4 ± 8.3/62.3 ± 7.8 | 21,24,0/23,22,0 | Shenfu injection 60 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ③⑤ |
| Wang et al. (2016) | 26/30 | 29/27 | 71.56 ± 2.47/70.23 ± 1.56 | NR | Shenfu injection 60 ml ivgtt qd 30 ml/h + CT | CT | 10 ± 2 | ①②④ |
| Yang (2009) | 30/30 | 42/18 | 62.8 ± 6.9 | 8,32,20 | Shenfu injection 50 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ①② |
| Wu (2016) | 60/60 | 44/76 | 82.5 ± 10 | 37,15,8/35,17,8 | Shenfu injection 60 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 20 | ③ |
| Zhou et al. (2013) | 30/30 | 34/26 | 62–88/60–87 | 5,17,8/6/18/6 | Shenfu injection 40 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ①②④ |
| Zhou et al. (2005) | 30/30 | 42/18 | 62.8 ± 6.9 | 8,32,20 | Shenfu injection 50 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ①② |
| Wang and Jang (2018) | 25/25 | 31/19 | 54 ± 11.1/53.6 ± 11.8 | NR | Shenfu injection 40 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ①④ |
| Zhou Luo (2020) | 41/41 | 41/41 | 68.62 ± 2.47/68.7 ± 2.42 | NR | Shenfu injection 50 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ②④ |
| Dong (2012) | 30/30 | 31/29 | 59.8 ± 10.2/61.7 ± 10.6 | 10,12,8/11,13,6 | Shenfu injection 50 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ①②③⑤ |
| Li et al. (2018) | 30/30 | 30/20 | 63.8 ± 12.8/65.2 ± 11.3 | 25,5,0/16,14,0 | Shenfu injection 60 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ③⑤ |
| Li (2019a) | 40/40 | 48/32 | 60.12 ± 5.34/61.58 ± 5.69 | NR | Shenfu injection 40 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 90 | ①②③⑤ |
| Mao (2016) | 100/100 | 116/84 | 46–77 | NR | Shenfu injection 40 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 5–10 | ①②④ |
| Xiu and Chen (2015) | 23/25 | 25/23 | 65.5 ± 10.1/63.4 ± 9.8 | 6,8,9/8,10,7 | Shenfu injection 50 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ②③⑤ |
| Wu and Duan (2009) | 33/29 | 31/31 | 71.48 ± 5.78/73.59 ± 6.96 | 6,27,0/5,24,0 | Shenfu injection 50 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ①②③⑤ |
| Luo et al. (2015) | 24/24 | 29/19 | 53.4 ± 11.7/50.9 ± 12.5 | 0,16,8/0,13,11 | Shenfu injection 50 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 7 | ②③⑤ |
| Li et al. (2016b) | 60/60 | 72/48 | 61.32 ± 8.61/59.32 ± 8.35 | 18,31,11/20,30,10 | Shenmai injection 100 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ⑤ |
| Shen (2012) | 50/50 | 47/53 | 62.87 ± 10.45 | NR | Shenmai injection 50 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 90 | ①⑤ |
| Yang and Li (2012) | 30/30 | 35/25 | 65.5 ± 3.29/67 ± 2.56 | NR | Shenmai injection 100 ml ivgtt qd 30–40 mg/ml + CT | CT | 7 | ①② |
| Cao (2012) | 60/60 | 85/35 | 42–80 | 66,44,10 | Shenmai injection 100 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ①② |
| Zhao et al. (2011a) | 53/53 | 55/51 | 32–75/32–75 | 17,30,6/16,32,5 | Shenmai injection 60 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 15 | ④ |
| Li (2019a) | 26/26 | 31/21 | 76.42 ± 3.45/77.54 ± 4.4 | NR | Shenmai injection 50 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | NR | ③ |
| Zhao et al. (2012) | 35/35 | 53/17 | 66.8 ± 8.4/67.3 ± 9 | NR | Shenmai injection 60 ml ivgtt + CT | CT | 7 | ①③ |
| Zhu et al. (2008) | 38/38 | 41/35 | 63.7 ± 4.3/64.5 ± 4.8 | NR | Shenqi Fuzheng injection 250 ml ivgtt + CT | CT | 20 | ⑤ |
| Wu (2014) | 40/40 | 55/25 | 64.8 ± 5.2/65.3 ± 5 | 0,24,16/0,26,14 | Shenqi Fuzheng injection 250 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 21 | ①②⑤ |
| Lu (2005) | 30/30 | 51/9 | 39–76/40–72 | NR | Shenqi Fuzheng injection 250 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 21 | ①② |
| Zhan et al. (2017) | 30/30 | 37/23 | 58.16 ± 2.26/58.39 ± 1.69 | 3,22,5/3,23,4 | Dazhuhongjingtian injection 10 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 10 | ②⑥ |
| Tian et al. (2017) | 30/30 | 34/26 | 64.3 ± 6.8/67.2 ± 5.4 | NR | Dazhuhongjingtian injection 10 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 10 | ②③⑤ |
| Yang et al. (2014) | 60/60 | 84/36 | 65.9 ± 16.4/66.3 ± 16.9 | 14,35,11/12,34,10 | Danshenduofenyansuan injection 200 mg ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 42 | ①③ |
| Xu (2016) | 60/52 | 66/46 | 62.2 ± 7.0/61.25 ± 5.4 | 30,30,0/30,22,0 | Danshenduofenyansuan injection 200 mg ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 42 | ③ |
| Zhang (2020) | 50/50 | 74/26 | 66.53 ± 5.56/65.18 ± 5.43 | 11,31,8/12,30,8 | Danshenduofenyansuan injection 200 mg ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 30 | ①③ |
| Zhang (2015b) | 23/22 | 25/20 | 77.39 ± 6.3/74.4 ± 4.8 | 10,10,3/9,8,5 | Danhong injection 30 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 7 | ①③ |
| Wang (2012) | 43/43 | 42/44 | 54–81/48–80 | 0,28,15/0,26,17 | Danhong injection 30 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 28 | ②⑤⑥ |
| Xing et al. (2009) | 55/53 | 72/36 | 54.9 ± 12.6/55.4 ± 11.8 | NR | Dengzhanxixin injection 250 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ①②③ |
| Teng (2016) | 22/22 | 23/21 | 56.31 ± 3.44/55.67 ± 3.37 | 7,15,0/9,13,0 | Gualoupi injection 8 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 7 | ①③ |
| Ni et al. (2020) | 40/40 | 44/36 | 68.9 ± 5.2/68.1 ± 4.9 | NR | Gualoupi injection 8 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 7 | ⑤ |
| Han (2018) | 30/30 | 37/33 | 57.26 ± 6.34/57.21 ± 6.25 | 18,12,0/17,13,0 | Shenfu injection 40 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 7 | ①④ |
| Zhou et al. (2002) | 56/47 | 72/31 | 61.3 ± 5.7/59.4 ± 6.3 | 15,32,9/13,30,4 | Huangqi injection 60 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 21 | ① |
| Huang et al. (1999) | 40/40 | 45/35 | 42–82/44/80 | 10,18,12/9,20,11 | Shengmai injection 20 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ①② |
| Zhao et al. (2011b) | 36/36 | 44/28 | 60.6 ± 10.4 | 18,38,16 | Shengmai injection NR ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 21 | ①②③ |
| Wang et al. (2011) | 70/70 | 78/62 | 64.7 ± 8.2/65.4 ± 7.8 | NR | Shuxuening injection 20 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ③ |
| Zhang (2015a) | 150/150 | 153/147 | 71.8 ± 4.0/74.0 ± 4.0 | 0,69,81/0,70,80 | Shuxuetong injection 250 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 10 | ①②③⑤ |
| Ren (2021) | 40/40 | 45/35 | 74.48 ± 2.22/72.21 ± 2.15 | 0,30,10/0,29,11 | Xinmailong injection 5 mg/kg ivgtt bid 20–40 drops per minute + CT | CT | 14 | ①② |
| Wei et al. (2020) | 40/40 | 40/40 | 53.64 ± 7.56/54.25 ± 6.41 | 14,26,0/13,27,0 | Xinmailong injection 4 ml ivgtt bid 30 drops per minute + CT | CT | 7 | ⑤ |
| Kuang (2004) | 60/60 | 61/59 | 45–75/46–75 | 0,40,20/0,39,21 | Xuesaitong injection 500 mg ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 14 | ①② |
| Guo et al. (2012) | 58/58 | 62/54 | 66–79/66–81 | 31,27,0/25,33,0 | Shenmai injection 30 ml ivgtt qd + CT | CT | 15 | ①②③⑥ |
E, experimental group; C, control group; M, male; F, female; CT, conventional treatment; NR, not report; ivgtt, intravenous glucose tolerance test; qd, one time a day; bid, two times a day; ① Total effective rate; ② Adverse events; ③ left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF); ④ N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP); ⑤brain natriuretic peptide (BNP); ⑥6-min walk distance (6MWT).