TABLE 1.
Socio‐economic and population health indicators of USA and Canada
| Indicators | USA | Canada |
|---|---|---|
| Population age over 65 (%) 13 , 14 | 16.3 | 17.5 |
| Life expectancy (years) 15 | 78.5 | 82.2 |
| Poverty rate (%) 16 , 17 | 10.5 | 11 |
| Poverty rate (by age group) | ||
| Children (<18 years) | 14.4 | 10.8 |
| 18–64 years | 9.4 | 12.5 |
| Elderly (>65 years) | 8.9 | 5.6 |
| Disposable income inequality (Gini coefficient) in 2014 18 | 0.394 | 0.322 |
| Income share ratio (ratio of average income of the top 20% to the average income of the bottom 20% of the income distribution) 19 | 8.7 | 5.5 |
| Prevalence of adult obesity (%) 20 , 21 | 42.4 | 26.8 |
| Prevalence of diabetes (%) 22 , 23 | 9.4 | 7.3 |
| Prevalence of chronic kidney disease (per 1000) 24 , 25 | 140 | 72 |
| Cancer incidence rate (per 100,000) 26 , 27 | 439 | 529 |
| Prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (per 1000) 28 , 29 | 64 | 100 |
| Practicing physicians (density per 1000 population) 30 | 2.61 | 2.74 |
| Health care spending (US$) per capita 31 | 10,246 | 4755 |
| Government/social health insurance (% of population covered) | 34.0 | 100.0 |
| Private health insurance (% of population covered) | 62.8 | 68.0 |
| Total health insurance (% of population covered) | 90.6 | 100.0 |
| Long‐term care resources and utilisation: Formal sector (2018) 30 | ||
| Long‐term care workers (nurses and personal carers) per 100 population aged 65 and over | 5.5 | 3.5 |
| Nurses per 100 population aged 65 and over | 1.5 | 1.2 |
| Personal carers per 100 population aged 65 and over | 3.9 | 2.3 |
| Long‐term care resources and utilisation: Home (2018) 30 | ||
| Long‐term care workers (nurses and personal carers) per 100 population aged 65 years old and over | 2.6 | 0.5 |