Table 1.
Baseline demographics and related clinical characteristics
| Characteristics | Anakinra group (n = 15) | Control group (n = 15) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 49.25 ± 19.12 | 59.00 ± 1.79 | .424 | |
| Gender | ||||
| Male (%) | 8 | 11 | .309 | |
| Female (%) | 7 | 4 | ||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.20 ± 3.63 | 27.95 ± 4.93 | .874 | |
| Vital signs | ||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 129.87 ± 24.19 | 120.40 ± 25.82 | .309 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 83.87 ± 18.19 | 74.60 ± 11.99 | .174 | |
| Pulse rate (beats/min) | 96.73 ± 19.28 | 91.53 ± 10.97 | .372 | |
| Respiratory rate (breath/min) | 26 (3) | 22 (5) | .004 | |
| O2 saturation (%) | 77.33 ± 13.20 | 84.07 ± 6.06 | .187 | |
| CT score | 17.42 ± 3.73 | 16.15 ± 2.70 | .340 | |
| Hospitalization prior enrollment (days) | 4.33 ± 3.67 | 4.73 ± 3.75 | .775 | |
| Intubated at baseline | 2 | 2 | 1.000 | |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension (%) | 2 (13.3) | 8 (53.3) | .020 | |
| Diabetes (%) | 3 (20) | 8 (53.3) | .058 | |
| Coronary artery disease (%) | 3 (20) | 5 (33.3) | .409 | |
| Baseline laboratory data | ||||
| WBC (cell/µl) | 9200 (4100) | 7900 (4830) | .420 | |
| Lymphopenia | 14 | 10 | .177 | |
| Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 13.04 ± 2.18 | 12.01 ± 2.60 | .259 | |
| INR | 1.08 ± 0.10 | 1.10 ± 0.19 | .792 | |
| PTT 15 | 25.54 ± 4.93 | 29.80 ± 6.10 | .174 | |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 1149.46 ± 457.52 | 951.67 ± 408.52 | .311 | |
| Ferritin (ng/ml) | 780.47 ± 311.92 | 599.50 ± 365.39 | .164 | |
| C‐reactive protein | 123.69 ± 49.01 | 105.10 ± 51.01 | .326 | |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 15 | 48.58 ± 23.38 | 68.00 ± 24.50 | .065 | |
| Serum creatinine (g/dL) | 1.13 ± 0.25 | 1.40 (0.7) | .050 | |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 50.73 ± 19.24 | 32.64 ± 11.55 | .005 | |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 55.86 ± 35.97 | 29.10 ± 15.83 | .016 | |
| Medication to treat COVID‐19 | ||||
| Corticosteroid | 11 | 8 | .324 | |
| Interferon | 14 | 9 | .048 | |
| Lopinavir/ritonavir | 7 | 12 | .052 | |
| Remdesivir | 2 | 4 | .505 | |
| Favipiravir | 9 | 4 | .141 | |
Abbreviations: CT, computed tomography; INR, international normalized ratio; PTT, partial thromboplastin time; WBC, white blood cells.