Table 4.
Physical, mental and relationship health outcomes for patients and spouses completing Exercising Together© during radiation therapy
| Characteristic | Patient (n = 8) | Spouse (n = 8) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline (T1) | Post-Intervention (T2) | Follow-Up (T3) | Change (T1–T2) | Change (T2–T3) | p-value* | Cohen’s d* | Baseline (T1) | Post-intervention (T2) | Follow- UP (T3) | Change (T1–T2) | Change (T2–T3) | p-value* | Cohen’s d* | |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (95%CI) | Mean (95%CI) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (95%CI) | Mean (95%CI) | |||||
| Physical health | ||||||||||||||
| 5-time sit-to-stand (s) | 13.9 (4.6) | 11.2 (2.6) | – | − 2.8 (− 5.7, 0.2) | – | 0.06/– | − 0.60/– | 15.7 (5.5) | 10.9 (2.3) | – | − 4.9 (− 8.0, − 1.63) | – | 0.009/– | − 0.87/– |
| Gait speed (m/s) | 0.9 (0.2) | 1.1 (0.1) | – | 0.1 (0.1, 0.2) | – | 0.003/– | 0.94/– | 1.0 (0.1) | 1.1 (0.3) | – | 0.1 (− 0.1, 0.2) | – | 0.20/– | 0.64/– |
| sPPB | 10.5 (1.5) | 11.4 (0.7) | – | 0.9 (− 0.2, 1.9) | – | 0.09/– | 0.58/– | 10.0 (1.8) | 11.3 (1.4) | – | 1.3 (0.3, 2.2) | – | 0.02/– | 0.71/– |
| Time to walk 400 m (min) | 5.1 (1.4) | 4.5(1.3) | – | − 0.6 (− 0.9, − 0.3) | – | 0.002/– | − 0.42/– | 5.2 (1.8) | 5.1 (2.1) | – | − 0.1 (− 0.5, 0.3) | – | 0.61/– | − 0.05/– |
| Mental health | ||||||||||||||
| Depressive symptoms | 12.8 (12.7) | 12.3 (11.7) | 9.0 (11.0) | − 0.5 (− 5.9, 4.9) | − 3.25 (− 7.7, 1.2) | 0.83/0.13 | − 0.04/− 0.26 | 14.5 (11.6) | 9.4 (9.7) | 7.5 (7.3) | − 5.1 (− 11.8, 1.6) | − 2.0 (− 5.8, 1.8) | 0.11/0.25 | − 0.44/− 0.17 |
| Anxiety | 4.4 (5.3) | 2.1 (4.1) | 3.6 (7.2) | − 2.3 (− 3.8, − 0.7) | 1.5 (− 1.1, 4.1) | 0.01/0.22 | − 0.43/0.28 | 3.0 (2.8) | 1.5 (1.7) | 0.8 (0.9) | − 1.5 (− 3.3, 0.3) | − 0.8 (− 2.4, 0.9) | 0.09/0.32 | − 0.53/− 0.27 |
| Relationship health | ||||||||||||||
| Active engagement | 21.8 (2.5) | 24.3 (0.9) | 21.9 (3.2) | 2.5 (0.7, 4.3) | − 2.4 (− 5.2, 0.5) | 0.01/0.09 | 0.98/− 0.93 | 18.8 (4.6) | 19.0 (4.8) | 17.4 (2.9) | 0.25 (− 2.2, 2.7) | − 1.6 (− 5.4, 2.1) | 0.82/0.34 | 0.05/− 0.36 |
| Protective buffering | 12.1 (2.5) | 10.5 (3.1) | 9.9 (2.3) | − 1.6 (− 5.1, 1.9) | − 0.6 (− 2.3, 1.0) | 0.31/0.41 | − 0.64/− 0.25 | 14.1 (4.1) | 14.0 (4.8) | 11.1 (3.1) | − 0.1 (− 2.9, 2.6) | − 2.9 (− 7.9, 2.1) | 0.92/0.22 | − 0.03/− 0.70 |
| Strain | 2.9 (2.0) | 3.1 (1.9) | 2.7 (2.1) | 0.3 (− 0.9, 1.4) | − 0.5 (− 1.9, 0.9) | 0.63/0.43 | 0.12/− 0.25 | 2.9 (2.2) | 3.3 (2.9) | 2.4 (0.9) | 0.4 (− 2.3, 2.0) | − 0.9 (− 3.0, 1.2) | 0.75/0.36 | 0.17/− 0.39 |
| Affectionate behavior | 11.3 (3.4) | 11.9 (1.8) | 11.0 (2.6) | 0.63 (− 2.0, 3.3) | − 0.9 (− 2.3, 0.6) | 0.59/0.19 | 0.19/− 0.26 | 13.6 (3.3) | 12.1a (3.0) | 12.7a (4.2) | − 1.6 (− 3.9, 0.6) | 0.6 (− 2.1, 3.3) | 0.13/0.62 | − 0.50/0.18 |
| Sexual behavior | 2.6 (0.9) | 2.4 (1.1) | 2.8 (1.2) | − 0.3(− 1.0, 0.5) | 0.4 (− 0.2, 1.0) | 0.45/0.20 | − 0.27/0.41 | 2.5 (1.2) | 2.7b (1.2) | 3.2b (2.4) | 0.2 (− 0.3, 0.6) | 0.5 (− 0.8, 1.8) | 0.36/0.36 | 0.14/0.41 |
| Physical activity | ||||||||||||||
| Total (min/week) | 175.6 (140.0) | 280.6 (206.2) | 253.8 (262.8) | 105.0 (− 29.6, 239.6) | − 26.9 (− 223.0, 169.2) | 0.11/0.76 | 0.75/− 0.19 | 158.4 (132.6) | 338.0 (205.4) | 198.1 (192.8) | 179.6 (55.4, 303.7) | − 139.9 (− 266.5, − 13.3) | 0.01/0.03 | 1.35/− 1.06 |
| Moderate-to-vigorous (min/week) | 51.9 (96.3) | 78.8 (156.2) | 86.3 (100.7) | 26.9 (− 31.8, 85.5) | 7.5 (− 78.1, 93.1) | 0.31/0.84 | 0.28/0.08 | 87.2 (77.1) | 103.8 (105.4) | 90.6 (101.2) | 16.6 (− 59.1, 92.2) | − 13.1 (− 85.9, 59.7) | 0.62/0.68 | 0.21/− 0.17 |
Abbreviations: T time point, SD standard deviation, sPPB short physical performance battery, – data not collected
*p-values and Cohen’s d effect size depicted for (T1–T2) and (T2–T3) using SD from baseline
aMissing data n = 1, declined to answer
bMissing data n = 2, declined to answer