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. 2021 Dec 8;6(6):e00919-21. doi: 10.1128/msphere.00919-21

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Copyright © 2021 Edwards et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

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FIG 1 — Overexpression of dccA inhibits sporulation in R20291 and 630Δerm and is dependent upon a functional cyclic diguanylate (GGDEF) domain. (A and B) Ethanol-resistant sporulation assays (A) and representative phase-contrast micrographs (B) of R20291 pMC211 (RT526), R20291 pDccA (RT527), and R20291 pDccA^mut (RT539) grown on 70:30 sporulation agar supplemented with 2 μg/ml thiamphenicol and 0 to 0.5 μg/ml nisin, as indicated, at H₂₄. (C and D) Ethanol-resistant sporulation assays (C) and representative phase-contrast micrographs (D) of 630Δerm pMC211 (RT762), 630Δerm pDccA (RT763), and 630Δerm pDccA^mut (RT764) grown on 70:30 sporulation agar supplemented with 2 μg/ml thiamphenicol and 0 to 0.5 μg/ml nisin, as indicated, at H₂₄. The means and standard errors of the means from at least three biological replicates are shown. n.s., not significant; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001; ****, P < 0.0001 (by one-way analysis of variance [ANOVA] with Dunnett’s posttest comparing values to that of uninduced WT pDccA).