Table 2.
Study | Selection∗∗∗∗∗∗ |
Comparability∗∗ |
Outcome∗∗∗∗∗ |
Total Quality Score | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | ||
Family cluster | |||||||||
Chan et al., 20208 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Ye et al., 202012 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Bai et al., 20207 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Xie et al., 202156 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Zhang et al., 202157 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Adults | |||||||||
Tian et al., 202021 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Kong et al., 20208 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Yin et al., 202022 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Meng et al., 202055 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Al Hosani et al., 201915 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
He et al., 202016 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Qiu et al., 202020 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
De laval et al., 202161 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Wong et al., 202034 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 4 |
Huang et al., 202060 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Sugano et al., 202058 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Nsekye et al., 202162 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Children | |||||||||
Hu et al., 202025 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Qiu et al., 201926 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Tan et al., 20201 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Sun et al., 202059 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Health care Workers | |||||||||
Schoierzeck et al., 202029 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Lucar et al., 202028 | ∗ | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | ∗ | 0 | 0 | 3 |
Note: Selection; 1) Representativeness of the exposed cohort, 2) Selection of the non-exposed cohort, 3) Ascertain exposure, 4) Demonstration that outcome of interest was not present at the start of the study; Comparability; 5) Comparability of cohorts based on the design or analysis controlled for confounders; Outcome: 6) Assessment of outcome, 7) Was follow-up long enough for outcomes to occur, 8) Adequacy of follow-up of cohorts.
∗Newcastle-Ottawa Scale contains 8 items within 3 domain and the total maximum score is 9. A study with score from 7-9, has high quality, 4-6, high risk, and 0-3 very high risk of bias.